Tank (TL)

The tank is in a heat-conducting liquid network.

blockType: EngeeFluids.ThermalLiquid.Volumes.Tank

Path in the library:

/Physical Modeling/Fluids/Thermal Liquid/Tanks & Accumulators/Tank (TL)

Description

Block Tank (TL) simulates the capacity in a heat-conducting liquid network. The tank can be under constant pressure set by a user signal, or under atmospheric pressure. In the case when the pressure in the tank is equal to atmospheric pressure, the unit is a tank with ventilation.

The tank can exchange energy with the environment, which allows its internal temperature and pressure to change over time. Heat transfer occurs through convection, when liquid enters or exits the tank, and thermal conduction, when thermal energy passes through the walls of the tank and the liquid itself at the entrance to the tank.

The tank diagram is shown in the figure.

tank tl 1 en

The tank can have up to six input ports, from A to F. The pressure at the tank inlet ports is the sum of the constant pressure in the tank, set in the unit parameters or by an external signal, and the hydrostatic pressure due to the height of the inlet port.

Heat transfer through the tank walls is modeled using the thermal port H. The temperature set in this port is the temperature of the liquid in the tank.

Liquid volume

Liquid volume in the tank, it is determined from the total mass flow into the tank:

where

— the total mass of liquid in the tank coming through all ports;
— the density of the liquid.

Conservation of mass

The equation of conservation of mass in the volume of the tank liquid has the form:

where

— change in the mass of the liquid;
— indicates the mass flow rate of the liquid flowing into the tank through the port A, B, C, D, E, F.

Conservation of momentum

The equation of conservation of momentum in the volume of liquid in a port tank A, B, C, D, E, F has the form:

where

— inlet fluid pressure A, B, C, D, E, F;
— constant pressure in the tank;
— dynamic pressure:

When the flow is directed into the tank, the incoming jet is dispersed in a large volume of liquid, loses momentum, which leads to It’s getting bigger 0. When the liquid flows out of the tank, the liquid in the volume accelerates in the port and becomes 0.
- — the density of the liquid at the inlet A, B, C, D, E, F;
- — the cross-sectional area of the entrance port to the tank;
— acceleration of free fall;
— the liquid level in the tank, or the height relative to the bottom of the tank;
— the height of the entrance port relative to the bottom of the tank.

Energy conservation

The energy conservation equation in the tank liquid volume has the form:

where:

— heat capacity of the liquid;
— isobaric volumetric modulus of elasticity of a liquid;
— liquid temperature;
— indicates the energy flows entering the tank at the entrance A, B, C, D, E, F;
— enthalpy of the liquid;
— this is the flow of thermal energy entering the tank through the port H.

Variables

Use the parameter group Initial Targets to set the priority and initial target values for the block parameter variables before modeling. For more information, see Configuring physical blocks using target values.

Ports

Conserving

# A — thermal liquid port
thermal liquid

Details

Entering the tank.

Program usage name

port_a

# H — heat port
heat

Details

Heat transfer at the tank wall.

Program usage name

thermal_port

# B — thermal liquid port
thermal liquid

Details

Additional tank inlet.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set parameter Number of inlets one of the values: 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6.

Program usage name

port_b

# C — port of thermal liquid
thermal liquid

Details

Additional tank inlet.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set parameter Number of inlets one of the values: 3, 4, 5 or 6.

Program usage name

port_c

# D — thermal liquid port
thermal liquid

Details

Additional tank inlet.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set parameter Number of inlets one of the values: 4, 5 or 6.

Program usage name

port_d

# E — thermal liquid port
thermal liquid

Details

Additional tank inlet.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set parameter Number of inlets value 5 or 6.

Program usage name

port_e

# F — thermal liquid port
thermal liquid

Details

Additional tank inlet.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set parameter Number of inlets value 6.

Program usage name

port_f

Output

# V — liquid volume
scalar

Details

Volume of liquid in the tank in m³.

Data types	`Float64`.
Complex numbers support	No

# L — liquid level
scalar

Details

Liquid level in the tank in m.

Data types	`Float64`
Complex numbers support	No

# T — liquid temperature
scalar

Details

Temperature of the liquid in the tank in K.

Data types	`Float64`.
Complex numbers support	No

Input

# P — tank pressure
scalar

Details

Tank pressure in Pa, given as a scalar.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set parameter Pressurization specification value Variable pressure.

Data types	`Float64`.
Complex numbers support	No

Parameters

# Number of inlets — number of input ports
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6

Details

The number of input ports. Setting this parameter to a value of 2 or greater opens additional input ports.

Values	`1` \| `2` \| `3` \| `4` \| `5` \| `6`
Default value	`1`
Program usage name	`port_count`
Evaluatable	No

# Pressurization specification — tank pressure setting method
Atmospheric pressure | Constant specified pressure | Variable pressure

Details

Method of setting tank pressure.

To set a constant pressure that is not equal to atmospheric pressure, set the parameters to Constant specified pressure and specify the pressure value using the parameters Tank pressurization.

To set a variable pressure in the tank, set this parameters value to Variable pressure and supply the tank pressure value as a scalar to the P port.

Values	`Atmospheric pressure` \| `Constant specified pressure` \| `Variable pressure`
Default value	`Atmospheric pressure`
Program usage name	`pressure_type`
Evaluatable	No

# Tank pressurization — user-defined tank pressure
Pa | uPa | hPa | kPa | MPa | GPa | kgf/m^2 | kgf/cm^2 | kgf/mm^2 | mbar | bar | kbar | atm | ksi | psi | mmHg | inHg

Details

User-definable tank pressure.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the parameter Pressurization specification to . Constant specified pressure.

Units	`Pa` \| `uPa` \| `hPa` \| `kPa` \| `MPa` \| `GPa` \| `kgf/m^2` \| `kgf/cm^2` \| `kgf/mm^2` \| `mbar` \| `bar` \| `kbar` \| `atm` \| `ksi` \| `psi` \| `mmHg` \| `inHg`
Default value	`0.101325 MPa`
Program usage name	`p_specified`
Evaluatable	Yes

# Tank volume parameterization — tank area characteristics
Constant cross-section area | Tabulated data - volume vs. level

Details

Specifies the characteristics of the tank area.

This parameters is used to determine the liquid level in the tank. If you want to model a tank with a variable cross-sectional area over the height of the tank, you can provide data for the tank volume as a function of the liquid level using the option Tabulated data - volume vs. level.

Values	`Constant cross-section area` \| `Tabulated data - volume vs. level`
Default value	`Constant cross-section area`
Program usage name	`volume_parameterization`
Evaluatable	No

# Tank cross-sectional area — tank cross-sectional area
m^2 | um^2 | mm^2 | cm^2 | km^2 | in^2 | ft^2 | yd^2 | mi^2 | ha | ac

Details

The cross-sectional area of the tank in the horizontal plane.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the parameter Tank volume parameterization to . Constant cross-section area.

Units	`m^2` \| `um^2` \| `mm^2` \| `cm^2` \| `km^2` \| `in^2` \| `ft^2` \| `yd^2` \| `mi^2` \| `ha` \| `ac`
Default value	`1.0 m^2`
Program usage name	`tank_cross_section_area`
Evaluatable	Yes

# Liquid level vector — vector of liquid level values in the tank
m | um | mm | cm | km | in | ft | yd | mi | nmi

Details

Vector of liquid level values in the tank for the tabular parameterization of the variable tank area. The values in this vector correspond to the values in the parameters Liquid volume vector. The elements must be positive and listed in ascending order. The first element must be equal to 0.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the parameter Tank volume parameterization to the value of Tabulated data - volume vs. level.

Units	`m` \| `um` \| `mm` \| `cm` \| `km` \| `in` \| `ft` \| `yd` \| `mi` \| `nmi`
Default value	`[0.0, 3.0, 5.0] m`
Program usage name	`level_vector`
Evaluatable	Yes

# Liquid volume vector — vector of liquid volume values in the tank
m^3 | um^3 | mm^3 | cm^3 | km^3 | ml | l | gal | igal | in^3 | ft^3 | yd^3 | mi^3

Details

Vector of tank liquid volume values for the tabular parameterization of the tank area variable. The values in this vector correspond to the values in the parameters Liquid level vector. The elements must be positive and listed in ascending order. The first element must be equal to 0.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the parameter Tank volume parameterization to the value of Tabulated data - volume vs. level.

Units	`m^3` \| `um^3` \| `mm^3` \| `cm^3` \| `km^3` \| `ml` \| `l` \| `gal` \| `igal` \| `in^3` \| `ft^3` \| `yd^3` \| `mi^3`
Default value	`[0.0, 4.0, 6.0] m^3`
Program usage name	`V_liquid_vector`
Evaluatable	Yes

# Inlet height — tank inlet height
m | um | mm | cm | km | in | ft | yd | mi | nmi

Details

The height of the tanker inlet. The value must be greater than or equal to 0.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the parameter Number of inlets to the value of 1.

Units	`m` \| `um` \| `mm` \| `cm` \| `km` \| `in` \| `ft` \| `yd` \| `mi` \| `nmi`
Default value	`0.1 m`
Program usage name	`port_a_height`
Evaluatable	Yes

# Inlet cross-sectional area — cross-sectional area of the tank inlet
m^2 | um^2 | mm^2 | cm^2 | km^2 | in^2 | ft^2 | yd^2 | mi^2 | ha | ac

Details

The cross-sectional area of the tank inlet port. This value must be greater than 0.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the parameters Number of inlets to 1.

Units	`m^2` \| `um^2` \| `mm^2` \| `cm^2` \| `km^2` \| `in^2` \| `ft^2` \| `yd^2` \| `mi^2` \| `ha` \| `ac`
Default value	`0.01 m^2`
Program usage name	`port_a_area`
Evaluatable	Yes

# Height vector for inlets A and B — vector of height of ports A and B
m | um | mm | cm | km | in | ft | yd | mi | nmi

Details

Vector of port heights for enabled input ports A and B. The parameters Height vector for inlets A and B is a vector of values corresponding to the height of each input port starting from port A. Each element of this vector must be greater than or equal to 0.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Number of inlets parameters to the value of 2.

Units	`m` \| `um` \| `mm` \| `cm` \| `km` \| `in` \| `ft` \| `yd` \| `mi` \| `nmi`
Default value	`[0.1, 0.1] m`
Program usage name	`ports_ab_height_vector`
Evaluatable	Yes

# Cross-sectional area vector for inlets A and B — vector of cross-sectional areas of input ports A and B
m^2 | um^2 | mm^2 | cm^2 | km^2 | in^2 | ft^2 | yd^2 | mi^2 | ha | ac

Details

Vector of cross-sectional areas of tank inlets for enabled inlet ports A and B. The parameters Cross-sectional area vector for inlets A and B is a vector of values corresponding to the cross-sectional area of each inlet port, starting from port A. Each element of this vector must be greater than 0.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the parameter Number of inlets to the value of 2.

Units	`m^2` \| `um^2` \| `mm^2` \| `cm^2` \| `km^2` \| `in^2` \| `ft^2` \| `yd^2` \| `mi^2` \| `ha` \| `ac`
Default value	`[0.01, 0.01] m^2`
Program usage name	`ports_ab_area_vector`
Evaluatable	Yes

# Height vector for inlets A, B, and C — vector of height of ports A, B and C
m | um | mm | cm | km | in | ft | yd | mi | nmi

Details

Vector of port heights for enabled input ports A, B and C. The parameters Height vector for inlets A, B, and C is a vector of values corresponding to the height of each input port, starting with port A. Each element of this vector must be greater than or equal to 0.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Number of inlets parameters to the value of 3.

Units	`m` \| `um` \| `mm` \| `cm` \| `km` \| `in` \| `ft` \| `yd` \| `mi` \| `nmi`
Default value	`[0.1, 0.1, 0.1] m`
Program usage name	`ports_abc_height_vector`
Evaluatable	Yes

# Cross-sectional area vector for inlets A, B, and C — vector of cross-sectional areas of input ports A, B and C
m^2 | um^2 | mm^2 | cm^2 | km^2 | in^2 | ft^2 | yd^2 | mi^2 | ha | ac

Details

Vector of cross-sectional areas of tank inlets for enabled inlet ports A, B and C. The parameters Cross-sectional area vector for inlets A, B, and C is a vector of values corresponding to the cross-sectional area of each inlet port, starting from port A. Each element of this vector must be greater than 0.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the parameter Number of inlets to the value of 3.

Units	`m^2` \| `um^2` \| `mm^2` \| `cm^2` \| `km^2` \| `in^2` \| `ft^2` \| `yd^2` \| `mi^2` \| `ha` \| `ac`
Default value	`[0.01, 0.01, 0.01] m^2`
Program usage name	`ports_abc_area_vector`
Evaluatable	Yes

# Height vector for inlets A, B, C and D — vector of height of ports A, B, C and D
m | um | mm | cm | km | in | ft | yd | mi | nmi

Details

Vector of port heights for enabled input ports A, B, C and D. The parameters Height vector for inlets A, B, C and D is a vector of values corresponding to the height of each input port, starting with port A. Each element of this vector must be greater than or equal to 0.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Number of inlets parameters to the value of 4.

Units	`m` \| `um` \| `mm` \| `cm` \| `km` \| `in` \| `ft` \| `yd` \| `mi` \| `nmi`
Default value	`[0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1] m`
Program usage name	`ports_abcd_height_vector`
Evaluatable	Yes

# Cross-sectional area vector for inlets A, B, C and D — vector of cross-sectional areas of the input ports A, B, C and D
m^2 | um^2 | mm^2 | cm^2 | km^2 | in^2 | ft^2 | yd^2 | mi^2 | ha | ac

Details

Vector of cross-sectional areas of tank inlets for included inlet ports A, B, C and D. The parameters Cross-sectional area vector for inlets A, B, C and D is a vector of values corresponding to the cross-sectional area of each inlet port, starting from port A. Each element of this vector must be greater than 0.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the parameter Number of inlets to the value of 4.

Units	`m^2` \| `um^2` \| `mm^2` \| `cm^2` \| `km^2` \| `in^2` \| `ft^2` \| `yd^2` \| `mi^2` \| `ha` \| `ac`
Default value	`[0.01, 0.01, 0.01, 0.01] m^2`
Program usage name	`ports_abcd_area_vector`
Evaluatable	Yes

# Height vector for inlets A, B, C, D and E — vector of height of ports A, B, C, D and E
m | um | mm | cm | km | in | ft | yd | mi | nmi

Details

Vector of port heights for enabled input ports A, B, C, D and E. The parameters Height vector for inlets A, B, C, D and E is a vector of values corresponding to the height of each input port, starting with port A. Each element of this vector must be greater than or equal to 0.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Number of inlets parameters to the value of 5.

Units	`m` \| `um` \| `mm` \| `cm` \| `km` \| `in` \| `ft` \| `yd` \| `mi` \| `nmi`
Default value	`[0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1] m`
Program usage name	`ports_abcde_height_vector`
Evaluatable	Yes

# Cross-sectional area vector for inlets A, B, C, D and E — vector of cross-sectional areas of input ports A, B, C, D and E
m^2 | um^2 | mm^2 | cm^2 | km^2 | in^2 | ft^2 | yd^2 | mi^2 | ha | ac

Details

Vector of cross-sectional areas of tank inlets for included inlet ports A, B, C, D and E. The parameters Cross-sectional area vector for inlets A, B, C, D and E is a vector of values corresponding to the cross-sectional area of each inlet port, starting from port A. Each element of this vector must be greater than 0.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Number of inlets parameters to the value of 5.

Units	`m^2` \| `um^2` \| `mm^2` \| `cm^2` \| `km^2` \| `in^2` \| `ft^2` \| `yd^2` \| `mi^2` \| `ha` \| `ac`
Default value	`[0.01, 0.01, 0.01, 0.01, 0.01] m^2`
Program usage name	`ports_abcde_area_vector`
Evaluatable	Yes

# Height vector for inlets A, B, C, D, E and F — vector of height of ports A, B, C, D, E and F
m | um | mm | cm | km | in | ft | yd | mi | nmi

Details

A vector of port heights for enabled input ports A, B, C, D, E and F. The parameters Height vector for inlets A, B, C, D, E and F is a vector of values corresponding to the height of each input port, starting with port A. Each element of this vector must be greater than or equal to 0.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Number of inlets parameters to the value of 6.

Units	`m` \| `um` \| `mm` \| `cm` \| `km` \| `in` \| `ft` \| `yd` \| `mi` \| `nmi`
Default value	`[0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1] m`
Program usage name	`ports_abcdef_height_vector`
Evaluatable	Yes

# Cross-sectional area vector for inlets A, B, C, D, E and F — vector of cross-sectional areas of input ports A, B, C, D, E and F
m^2 | um^2 | mm^2 | cm^2 | km^2 | in^2 | ft^2 | yd^2 | mi^2 | ha | ac

Details

Vector of cross-sectional areas of tank inlets for included inlet ports A, B, C, D, E and F. The parameters Cross-sectional area vector for inlets A, B, C, D, E and F is a vector of values corresponding to the cross-sectional area of each inlet port, starting from port A. Each element of this vector must be greater than 0.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the parameter Number of inlets to the value of 6.

Units	`m^2` \| `um^2` \| `mm^2` \| `cm^2` \| `km^2` \| `in^2` \| `ft^2` \| `yd^2` \| `mi^2` \| `ha` \| `ac`
Default value	`[0.01, 0.01, 0.01, 0.01, 0.01, 0.01] m^2`
Program usage name	`ports_abcdef_area_vector`
Evaluatable	Yes

# Liquid level below inlet height — notification of low liquid level in the tank
None | Error

Details

Whether to be notified if the tank liquid level drops below the port inlet elevation during the simulation. Set this parameter to `Warning`if you want to be notified when this happens during a simulation. Set the value to `Error`if you want the simulation to stop when this happens.

Values	`None` \| `Error`
Default value	`Error`
Program usage name	`low_level_assert_action`
Evaluatable	No

# Liquid volume above max capacity — notification of excess tank volume
None | Error

Details

Whether to be notified if the volume of liquid in the tank exceeds the maximum tank capacity during the simulation. Set this parameter to `Warning`if you want to be notified when this happens during a simulation. Set the value to `Error`if you want the simulation to stop when this happens.

Values	`None` \| `Error`
Default value	`None`
Program usage name	`capacity_assert_action`
Evaluatable	No

# Maximum tank capacity — tank filling limit
m^3 | um^3 | mm^3 | cm^3 | km^3 | ml | l | gal | igal | in^3 | ft^3 | yd^3 | mi^3

Details

Tank filling limit.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the parameters Liquid volume above max capacity to Warning or Error.

Units	`m^3` \| `um^3` \| `mm^3` \| `cm^3` \| `km^3` \| `ml` \| `l` \| `gal` \| `igal` \| `in^3` \| `ft^3` \| `yd^3` \| `mi^3`
Default value	`10.0 m^3`
Program usage name	`V_capacity`
Evaluatable	Yes

# Gravitational acceleration — free-fall acceleration
m/s^2 | mm/s^2 | cm/s^2 | km/s^2 | in/s^2 | ft/s^2 | mi/s^2 | gn

Details

Free-fall acceleration.

Units	`m/s^2` \| `mm/s^2` \| `cm/s^2` \| `km/s^2` \| `in/s^2` \| `ft/s^2` \| `mi/s^2` \| `gn`
Default value	`9.81 m/s^2`
Program usage name	`g`
Evaluatable	Yes

Examples

Determination of liquid pressure at different tank heights