Coupler

Simulates ideal frequency-independent couplers with S-parameters.

blockType: SubSystem

Path in the library:

/RF/Circuit Envelope/Junctions/Coupler

Description

Block Coupler simulates a four-port directional coupler in an envelope simulation environment using an ideal model with S-parameters. The coupler has four ports: an input port (n1, p1), a transmission port (n2, p2), an isolated port (n3, p3) and an associated port (n4, p4).

Directional couplers are used to measure direct and reflected waves propagating along a transmission line. Directional couplers are used in many areas of radio frequency engineering, such as linear power sensors and automatic transmitter level controls.

Hybrid couplers are used to separate or combine signals with specific phase ratios.

Ports

Conserving

# p1 — input port
electricity

Details

The positive terminal of the input port.

Program usage name

PMIOPort_c44850b8-8247-4d44-8e4c-95554ba6d450

# p2 — transfer port
electricity

Details

The positive terminal of the transmission port.

Program usage name

PMIOPort_734faf50-b8c6-4428-9668-d5fec9c88115

# p3 — isolated port
electricity

Details

The positive terminal of the isolated port.

Program usage name

PMIOPort_5469cd5d-282a-4035-9952-597ae14df46e

# p4 — associated port
electricity

Details

The positive terminal of the connected port.

Program usage name

PMIOPort_0deb44ab-0f82-41e3-bb7f-cb18bc2b2dc9

# n1 — input port
electricity

Details

The negative terminal of the input port.

Program usage name

PMIOPort_8d298dff-ac27-4c94-87d8-b2c9549d2d48

# n2 — transfer port
electricity

Details

The negative terminal of the transmission port.

Program usage name

PMIOPort_43935345-0064-49dd-8a55-567f658169e8

# n3 — isolated port
electricity

Details

The negative terminal of the isolated port.

Program usage name

PMIOPort_cca66abc-473a-4286-aedb-4e83e6bd22f5

# n4 — associated port
electricity

Details

The negative terminal of the connected port.

Program usage name

PMIOPort_f6c2d321-fbc3-43fd-a1e7-bc5a98011506

Parameters

Ideal Couplers

Details

The type of coupler specified as:

Directional coupler

The S-parameter matrix for Directional coupler:

where
- ;
- ;
- ;
- .
Use this option to simulate the parameters of the coupler based on the technical characteristics.
Coupler symmetrical

The S-parameter matrix for Coupler symmetrical:

where
- — power transmission coefficient;
- .
Coupler antisymmetrical

The S-parameter matrix for Coupler antisymmetrical:

where
- — power transmission coefficient;
- .
Hybrid quadrature (90deg)

The S-parameter matrix for Hybrid quadrature(90deg):
Hybrid rat-race

The S-parameter matrix for Hybrid rat-race:
Magic tee

The S-parameter matrix for Magic tee:

Values	`Directional coupler` \| `Coupler symmetrical` \| `Coupler antisymmetrical` \| `Hybrid quadrature (90 deg)` \| `Hybrid rat-race` \| `Magic tee`
Default value	`Coupler antisymmetrical`
Program usage name	`coupler_type`
Tunable	No
Evaluatable	Yes

# Coupling (dB): — the percentage of the input signal power connected to the output port

Details

The percentage of the input signal power connected to the output port of the type coupler Directional coupler It is defined as a non-negative real scalar.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Select component: parameter to Directional coupler.

Default value	`0`
Program usage name	`coupling_db`
Tunable	No
Evaluatable	Yes

# Directivity (dB): — the ratio of the power on the connected port to the power on the isolated port

Details

The ratio of the power on the connected port to the power on the isolated port of the type coupler Directional coupler It is defined as a non-negative real scalar.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Select component: parameter to Directional coupler.

Default value	`Inf`
Program usage name	`directivity_db`
Tunable	No
Evaluatable	Yes

# Insertion loss (dB): — loss of signal power between input and output ports

Details

Loss of signal power between the input and output ports of the type coupler Directional coupler It is defined as a non-negative real scalar.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Select component parameter to Directional coupler.

Default value	`Inf`
Program usage name	`insertion_loss_db`
Tunable	No
Evaluatable	Yes

# Return loss (dB): — loss of signal power due to impedance mismatch

Details

Loss of signal power due to mismatch of type coupler impedances Directional coupler It is defined as a non-negative real scalar.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Select component parameter to Directional coupler.

Default value	`Inf`
Program usage name	`return_loss_db`
Tunable	No
Evaluatable	Yes

# Power transmission coefficient: — the power of the transmitted signal

Details

The power of the transmitted signal of the type coupler Coupler symmetrical or Coupler antisymmetrical It is defined as a real scalar.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Select component: parameter to Coupler symmetrical or Coupler antisymmetrical.

Default value	`0.3`
Program usage name	`power_trans_coeff`
Tunable	No
Evaluatable	Yes

# Reference impedances (Ohm): — the calculated total resistance of the coupler

Details

The calculated impedance of the coupler is set as a scalar or a three-component vector.

If the resistances of all ports are not equal, then the model is inside the block. Coupler normalizes to 50 Om.

Default value	`50`
Program usage name	`ref_impedances`
Tunable	No
Evaluatable	Yes