Scattering MIMO Channel
The MIMO propagation channel with scattering.
blockType: ScatteringMIMOChannel
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Description
Block Scattering MIMO Channel simulates multipath propagation through a three-dimensional channel in which the radiated signals from the transmitting antenna array are reflected from a plurality of diffusers back to the receiving antenna array. In this channel, propagation paths are straight paths (lines of sight) from point to point. The block simulates time delay, gain, Doppler shift, phase change, and range-dependent atmospheric losses due to gases, rain, fog, and clouds. If desired, the signal can be propagated along a direct path from the transmitter to the receiver.
Attenuation models for atmospheric gases and rain are valid for electromagnetic signals in the frequency range of 1-1000 GHz, while the attenuation model for fog and clouds is valid only for 10-1000 GHz. Outside of these frequency ranges, the object uses the nearest acceptable value.
Ports
Entrance
X — radiated narrowband pass signal:q[<br>] complex matrix M on Nt
The radiated narrowband signal in the form of a complex matrix on , where — the number of samples in the signal, and — the number of transmitting elements of the antenna array. Each column represents the signal transmitted by the corresponding element of the antenna array.
The size of the first dimension of the input matrix can be varied to simulate the changing duration of the signal. A change in size may occur, for example, in the case of a pulse signal with a variable pulse repetition rate.
Dependencies
To use this port, set the Polarization configuration parameter to `None' or `Combined'.
Data types: Float16, Float32, Float64, Int8, Int16, Int32, Int64, UInt8, UInt16, UInt32, UInt64
Support for complex numbers: Yes
XH — radiated narrowband H-polarization pass signal:q[<br>] complex matrix M on Nt
The emitted narrowband H-polarization signal in the form of a complex matrix on , where — the number of samples in the signal, and — the number of transmitting elements of the antenna array. Each column represents the signal transmitted by the corresponding element of the antenna array.
The size of the first dimension of the input matrix can be varied to simulate the changing duration of the signal. A change in size may occur, for example, in the case of a pulse signal with a variable pulse repetition rate.
Dependencies
To use this port, set the Polarization configuration parameter to Dual.
Data types: Float16, Float32, Float64, Int8, Int16, Int32, Int64, UInt8, UInt16, UInt32, UInt64
Support for complex numbers: Yes
XV — radiated narrowband V-polarization signal
complex matrix M on Nt
Radiated narrowband V-polarization signal in the form of a complex matrix on , where — the number of samples in the signal, and — the number of transmitting elements of the antenna array. Each column represents the signal transmitted by the corresponding element of the antenna array.
The size of the first dimension of the input matrix can be varied to simulate the changing duration of the signal. A change in size may occur, for example, in the case of a pulse signal with a variable pulse repetition rate.
Dependencies
To use this port, set the Polarization configuration parameter to Dual.
Data types: Float16, Float32, Float64, Int8, Int16, Int32, Int64, UInt8, UInt16, UInt32, UInt64
Support for complex numbers: Yes
TxPos — position of the transmitting antenna array
real vector column 3 by 1
The position of the transmitting antenna array is set as a 3-by-1 real column vector, having the form . The vector elements correspond to the positions of the antenna array along the axes , and . The units of measurement are m.
Dependencies
To use this port, set the Source of transmit array motion parameter to `Input port'.
Data types: Float16, Float32, Float64, Int8, Int16, Int32, Int64, UInt8, UInt16, UInt32, UInt64
TxVel — speed of the transmitting antenna array
real vector column 3 by 1
The speed of the transmitting antenna array is set as a 3-by-1 real column vector, having the form . The vector elements correspond to the speed of the antenna array along the axes , and . The units of measurement are m/s.
Dependencies
To use this port, set the Source of transmit array motion parameter to `Input port'.
Data types: Float16, Float32, Float64, Int8, Int16, Int32, Int64, UInt8, UInt16, UInt32, UInt64
TxAxes — orientation of the axes of the transmitting antenna array
real 3-by-3 orthonormal matrix
The orientation of the axes of the transmitting antenna array is set as a real 3-by-3 orthonormal matrix. The matrix determines the orientation of the local coordinate system of the array relative to the global coordinates. The columns of the matrix correspond to the directions of the axes , and the local coordinate system. The units of measurement are dimensionless.
Dependencies
To use this port, set the Source of transmit array motion parameter to `Input port'.
Data types: Float16, Float32, Float64, Int8, Int16, Int32, Int64, UInt8, UInt16, UInt32, UInt64
RxPos — position of the receiving antenna array
real vector column 3 by 1
The position of the receiving antenna array is set as a 3-by-1 real column vector, having the form . The vector elements correspond to the positions of the antenna array along the axes , and . The units of measurement are m.
Dependencies
To use this port, set the Source of receive array motion parameter to `Input port'.
Data types: Float16, Float32, Float64, Int8, Int16, Int32, Int64, UInt8, UInt16, UInt32, UInt64
RxVel — speed of the receiving antenna array
real vector column 3 by 1
The speed of the receiving antenna array is set as a 3-by-1 real column vector, having the form . The vector elements correspond to the speed of the antenna array along the axes , and . The units of measurement are m/s.
Dependencies
To use this port, set the Source of receive array motion parameter to `Input port'.
Data types: Float16, Float32, Float64, Int8, Int16, Int32, Int64, UInt8, UInt16, UInt32, UInt64
RxAxes — orientation of the axes of the receiving antenna array
real orthonormal 3-by-3 matrix
The orientation of the axes of the receiving antenna array is set as a real 3-by-3 orthonormal matrix. The matrix determines the orientation of the local coordinate system of the array relative to the global coordinates. The columns of the matrix correspond to the directions of the axes , and the local coordinate system. The units of measurement are dimensionless.
Dependencies
To use this port, set the Source of receive array motion parameter to `Input port'.
Data types: Float16, Float32, Float64, Int8, Int16, Int32, Int64, UInt8, UInt16, UInt32, UInt64
ScatPos — positions of the pass diffusers:q[<br>] real matrix 3 by Ns
The positions of the diffusers are given in the form of a real matrix 3 on . Each column of the matrix has the form , containing the positions of the lens along the axes , and . The units of measurement are m.
Dependencies
To use this port, set the Scatterer specification parameter to Input port.
Data types: Float16, Float32, Float64, Int8, Int16, Int32, Int64, UInt8, UInt16, UInt32, UInt64
ScatVel — speeds of pass diffusers:q[<br>] real matrix 3 by Ns
The speeds of the diffusers are given in the form of a real matrix 3 on . Each column of the matrix has the form , containing the speeds of the diffuser along the axes , and . The units of measurement are m/s.
Dependencies
To use this port, set the Scatterer specification parameter to Input port.
Data types: Float16, Float32, Float64, Int8, Int16, Int32, Int64, UInt8, UInt16, UInt32, UInt64
ScatCoef — pass scattering coefficient:q[<br>] complex vector-row 1 on Ns
The coefficients of the diffusers are set as a complex vector-row 1 on . Each element of the vector sets the scattering coefficient of the corresponding diffuser. The units of measurement are dimensionless.
Dependencies
To use this port, set the Scatterer specification parameter to Input port.
Data types: Float16, Float32, Float64, Int8, Int16, Int32, Int64, UInt8, UInt16, UInt32, UInt64
Support for complex numbers: Yes
Output
Y — received narrowband pass signal:q[<br>] complex matrix M on Nr
The received narrowband signal in the form of a complex matrix on , where — the number of samples in the signal, and — the number of receiving elements of the antenna array. Each column represents the signal received by the corresponding element of the antenna array.
Dependencies
To use this port, set the Polarization configuration parameter to `None' or `Combined'.
Data types: Float16, Float32, Float64, Int8, Int16, Int32, Int64, UInt8, UInt16, UInt32, UInt64
Support for complex numbers: Yes
YH is the received narrowband H-polarization pass signal:q[<br>] complex matrix M on Nr
The received narrowband H-polarization signal in the form of a complex matrix on , where — the number of samples in the signal, and — the number of receiving elements of the antenna array. Each column represents the signal received by the corresponding element of the antenna array.
Dependencies
To use this port, set the Polarization configuration parameter to Dual.
Data types: Float16, Float32, Float64, Int8, Int16, Int32, Int64, UInt8, UInt16, UInt32, UInt64
Support for complex numbers: Yes
YV is the received narrowband V-polarization signal
complex matrix M on Nt
The received narrowband V-polarization signal in the form of a complex matrix on , where — the number of samples in the signal, and — the number of receiving elements of the antenna array. Each column represents the signal received by the corresponding element of the antenna array.
Dependencies
To use this port, set the Polarization configuration parameter to Dual.
Data types: Float16, Float32, Float64, Int8, Int16, Int32, Int64, UInt8, UInt16, UInt32, UInt64
Support for complex numbers: Yes
CS — response of the pass channel:q[<br>] complex array Nt by Nr by Ns
Channel response in the form of a complex array on on , where — the number of transmitting elements of the antenna array, — the number of receiving elements of the antenna array, and — the number of diffusers. Each page of the array corresponds to a channel response matrix for a specific lens.
Dependencies
To use this port, select the Output channel response checkbox.
Data types: Float16, Float32, Float64, Int8, Int16, Int32, Int64, UInt8, UInt16, UInt32, UInt64
Support for complex numbers: Yes
Tau — delay in pass propagation:q[<br>] real vector 1 on Ns
Propagation delay in the form of a real vector of 1 by , where — the number of diffusers. Each element corresponds to a time delay on the path from the phase center of the transmitting antenna array to the diffuser and then to the phase center of the receiving antenna array.
Dependencies
To use this port, select the Output channel response checkbox.
Data types: Float16, Float32, Float64, Int8, Int16, Int32, Int64, UInt8, UInt16, UInt32, UInt64
Parameters
Main
Propagation speed (m/s) — speed of propagation of the pass signal:q[<br>] 3e8 (default) | positive scalar
The propagation velocity of the signal in the form of a real positive scalar.
The default value is the speed of light: `3e8'.
The units of measurement are m/s.
Data types: Float16, Float32, Float64, Int8, Int16, Int32, Int64, UInt8, UInt16, UInt32, UInt64
Signal carrier frequency (Hz) — carrier frequency of the pass signal:q[<br>] 3e8 (default) | positive scalar
The carrier frequency of the signal in the form of a positive real scalar. The units of measurement are Hz.
Data types: Float16, Float32, Float64, Int8, Int16, Int32, Int64, UInt8, UInt16, UInt32, UInt64
Polarization configuration — pass polarization configuration:q[<br>] None (default) | Combined | Dual
The polarization configuration. Values to choose from:
-
None— the output field is considered as a scalar field. -
Combined— the radiated fields are polarized and interpreted as a single signal in the inherent polarization of the sensor. -
Dual— components and The polarizations of the radiated field are independent signals.
Specify atmospheric parameters — accounting for signal attenuation in the atmosphere
disabled (by default) | enabled
Select this option to enable recording of signal attenuation in the atmosphere.
When you select this option, the Temperature (degrees Celsius) parameters appear in the dialog box, Dry air pressure (Pa), Water vapour density (g/m^3), Liquid water density (g/m^3), and Rain rate (mm/h).
Temperature (degrees Celsius) — ambient temperature pass:Q[<br>] 15 (default) | scalar
The ambient temperature, set as a real scalar. The unit of measurement is degrees Celsius.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, select the Specify atmospheric parameters checkbox.
Dry air pressure (Pa) — atmospheric pressure of dry air
101325 (default) | positive scalar
Atmospheric pressure of dry air, given as a positive real scalar. The default value of this parameter corresponds to one standard atmosphere. The unit of measurement is Pa.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, select the Specify atmospheric parameters checkbox.
Water vapour density (g/m^3) — the density of water vapour in the atmosphere
7.5 (default) | positive scalar
The density of water vapor in the atmosphere, given as a positive real scalar. The unit of measurement is g/m3.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, select the Specify atmospheric parameters checkbox.
Liquid water density (g/m^3) — density of liquid water
0.0 (default) | non-negative scalar
The density of liquid water in fog or clouds, given as a non-negative real scalar. The unit of measurement is g/m3. Typical values for the density of liquid water are 0.05 for medium fog and 0.5 for thick fog.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, select the Specify atmospheric parameters checkbox.
Rain rate (mm/h) — precipitation intensity
0.0 (default) | non-negative scalar
Precipitation intensity, set as a non-negative real scalar. The unit of measurement is mm/h.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, select the Specify atmospheric parameters checkbox.
Inherit sample rate — inheritance of the sample rate
enabled (by default) | disabled
Check the box to inherit the sampling rate from higher-level blocks. Otherwise, set the sampling rate using the Sample rate (Hz) parameter.
Sample rate (Hz) — pass sampling rate:q[<br>] 1e6 (default) | positive scalar
The sampling frequency of the signal in the form of a positive scalar. The unit of measurement is Hz.
Dependencies
To use this option, uncheck the Inherit sample rate checkbox.
Data types: Float16, Float32, Float64, Int8, Int16, Int32, Int64, UInt8, UInt16, UInt32, UInt64
Simulate direct path propagation — enabling direct path propagation
disabled (by default) | enabled
Check this box to ensure that the signal propagates along a direct path (line of sight) from the transmitting antenna array to the receiving antenna array without scattering.
Maximum delay (s) — maximum delay of the pass signal:q[<br>] 10e−6 (default) | positive scalar
The maximum delay of the signal, set as a positive scalar. Delays exceeding this value are ignored.
Data types: Float16, Float32, Float64, Int8, Int16, Int32, Int64, UInt8, UInt16, UInt32, UInt64
Output channel response — enabling output of the pass channel response:q[<br>] disabled (by default) | enabled
Select this option to output the channel response and time delay via the output ports CS and Tau.
Transmit array and Receive Array
Specify sensor array as — pass antenna array setting method:q[<br>] Array (no subarrays)
The method for setting the antenna array, specified as `Array (no subarrays)'.
-
Array (no subarrays)— the block parameters are used to set the antenna array.
Element
Element type — type of antenna array element
Isotropic Antenna (default) | Cardioid Antenna | Cosine Antenna | Custom Antenna | Gaussian Antenna | Sinc Antenna | Omni Microphone | Custom Microphone
The type of antenna or acoustic element.
Available values:
-
Isotropic Antenna -
Cardioid Antenna -
Cosine Antenna -
Custom Antenna -
Gaussian Antenna -
Sinc Antenna -
Omni Microphone -
Custom Microphone
Operating frequency range (Hz) — operating frequency range of the antenna or acoustic element
[0 1e20] (default) | real vector-string 1 by 2
The range of operating frequencies of an antenna or acoustic element in the form of a 1-by-2 row vector in the form of [LowerBound,UpperBound]. Outside of this frequency range, the element has no response.
The units of frequency measurement are Hz.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Isotropic Antenna, Cosine Antenna, or 'Omni Microphone'.
Baffle the back of the element — set the response of the Isotropic Antenna element or Omni Microphone' to zero
`disabled (by default) | enabled
`disabled (by default)
Select this option to mute the response of the element.
When the response is suppressed at all azimuth angles exceeding ± 90° from the wide side, they are set to zero. The wide side is defined as the azimuth angle of 0° and the elevation angle of 0°.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Isotropic Antenna or `Omni Microphone'.
Null axis direction — direction of the zero radiation axis
-x (default) | +x | +y | -y | +z | -z
The direction of the zero radiation axis.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Cardioid Antenna.
Exponent of cosine pattern — setting the azimuthal and altitude cosine radiation patterns
[1.5 1.5] (default) | non-negative scalar | a real matrix of non-negative values of 1 by 2
The exponents of the cosine radiation pattern are in the form of a non-negative scalar or a 1 by 2 real matrix of non-negative values.
If the Exponent of cosine pattern is a 1 by 2 vector, then the first element is an indicator in the azimuth direction, and the second is in the elevation direction. With a scalar value of this parameter, the cosines in the azimuthal and elevation directions are raised to one power.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to `Cosine Antenna'.
Operating frequency vector (Hz) — operating frequency range of a custom antenna or acoustic element
[0,1e20] (default) | real vector is a string
The range of operating frequencies of the antenna or acoustic element in the form of a vector row 1 on increasing actual values. The element has no response beyond the frequency range specified by the minimum and maximum elements of this vector. The units of frequency measurement are Hz.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Custom Antenna or `Custom Microphone'. To set the responses at these frequencies, use the Frequency responses (dB) parameter.
Frequency responses (dB) — frequency response of the antenna and acoustic element
[0,0] (default)| real vector string
The frequency response of a custom antenna or custom acoustic element for frequencies defined by the Operating frequency vector (Hz) parameter. The dimensions of the Frequency responses (dB) vector must match the dimensions of the vector specified by the Operating frequency vector (Hz) parameter.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Custom Antenna or `Custom Microphone'.
Input Pattern Coordinate System — the coordinate system of the radiation pattern of the user antenna
az-el (default) | phi-theta
The coordinate system of the radiation pattern of the user antenna is indicated by az-el or phi-theta'. When specifying `az-el, the Azimuth angles (deg) and Elevations angles (deg) parameters are used to set the coordinates of the points of the directional pattern. When specifying the phi-theta parameter, the Phi angle (deg) and Theta angles (deg) parameters are used to set the coordinates of the points in the radiation pattern.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Custom Antenna.
Azimuth angles (deg) — azimuth angles of the antenna radiation pattern
[-180:180] (default) | real vector is a string
Azimuth angles, which will be used to calculate the radiation pattern of the antenna in the form of a vector-row 1 on P. P must be greater than 2. The azimuth angles must be in the range of −180° up to 180° inclusive and arranged in strictly ascending order.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Custom Antenna and the Input Pattern Coordinate System parameter to az-el.
Elevation angles (deg) — elevation angles of the antenna radiation pattern
[-90:90] (default) | real vector is a string
Elevation angles at which it is necessary to calculate the radiation pattern in the form of a vector 1 on . it must be more than 2. The units of measurement of angles are degrees. Elevation angles should be in the range of −90° up to and including 90° and arranged in strictly ascending order.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Custom Antenna and the Input Pattern Coordinate System parameter to az-el.
Magnitude pattern (dB) — the magnitude of the radiation pattern of the combined pass antenna:q[<br>] zeros(181.361) (default) | real matrix Q on P | real array Q on P on L
The value of the radiation pattern of the combined antenna, set as a matrix on or an array on on .
-
If the Input Pattern Coordinate System parameter is set to
az-el, then Q is equal to the length of the vector specified by the Elevation angles (deg) parameter, and P is the length of the vector specified by the Azimuth angles (deg) parameter. -
If the Input Pattern Coordinate System parameter is set to `phi-theta', then is equal to the length of the vector specified by the Theta Angles (deg) parameter, and — the length of the vector specified by the Phi Angles (deg) parameter.
Value is equal to the value of the Operating frequency vector (Hz) parameter.
-
If the value of this parameter is a matrix on , then the same scheme is applied for all frequencies specified in the parameter Operating frequency vector (Hz).
-
If the parameter is an array on on , then each page on The array defines a template for the corresponding frequency specified in the parameter Operating frequency vector (Hz).
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Custom Antenna.
Phase pattern (deg) — radiation phase diagram of the custom pass antenna:q[<br>] zeros(181,361) (default) | real matrix Q on P | real array Q on P on L
The phase radiation pattern of the combined antenna, defined as a matrix on or an array on on .
-
If the Input Pattern Coordinate System parameter is set to `az-el', then is equal to the length of the vector specified by the Elevation angles (deg) parameter, and — the length of the vector specified by the Azimuth angles (deg) parameter.
-
If the Input Pattern Coordinate System parameter is set to `phi-theta', then is equal to the length of the vector specified by the Theta Angles (deg) parameter, and — the length of the vector specified by the Phi Angles (deg) parameter.
Value is equal to the value of the Operating frequency vector (Hz) parameter.
-
If the value of this parameter is a matrix on , then the same scheme is applied for all frequencies specified in the parameter Operating frequency vector (Hz).
-
If the parameter is an array on on , then each page on The array defines a template for the corresponding frequency specified in the parameter Operating frequency vector (Hz).
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Custom Antenna.
Align element normal with array normal — rotate the antenna element to the normal position of the antenna array
enabled (by default) | disabled
If the parameter value is enabled, the radiation pattern of the antenna element is rotated to align normally to the antenna array. If it is off, then the radiation pattern of the element does not rotate.
If the antenna is used in an antenna array and the Input Pattern Coordinate System parameter has the value az-el, checking this box rotates the radiation pattern so that the x-axis of the element’s coordinate system points along the normal to the antenna array. If there is no selection, the element template is used without rotation.
If the antenna is used in an antenna array and the Input Pattern Coordinate System parameter is set to phi-theta, checking this box rotates the radiation pattern so that the z axis of the element’s coordinate system points along the normal to the antenna array.
Use this parameter together with the Array Normal parameter. URA and UCA antenna arrays.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Custom Antenna.
Radiation pattern beamwidth (deg) — angles of the radiation pattern solution
[10, 10] (default) | real scalar | a real vector is a 1 by 2 row
The angles of the radiation pattern solution in degrees.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Gaussian Antenna or `Sinc Antenna'.
Polar pattern frequencies (Hz) — response frequencies of an acoustic element with a polar radiation pattern
1e3 (default) | real scalar | real vector-row 1 on L
The response frequencies of an acoustic element with a polar radiation pattern, specified as a real scalar or a real vector, are lines 1 on . The response frequencies are in the frequency range specified by the parameter Operating frequency vector (Hz).
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Custom Microphone.
Polar pattern angles (deg) — response angles of the polar radiation pattern
[-180:180] (default) | real vector is row 1 on P
Set the response angles of the polar radiation pattern as a vector of 1 to . The angles are measured from the central axis of the acoustic element and should be in the range of −180° to 180° inclusive.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Custom Microphone.
Polar pattern (dB) — polar radiation pattern of the custom acoustic element
zeros(1,361) (default) | real vector-row 1 on L
Set the value of the polar radiation pattern of the user acoustic element in the form of a real vector-row 1 on , where — the number of frequencies specified in the parameter Polar pattern frequencies (Hz). The string represents the value of the polar radiation pattern measured at the corresponding frequency specified in the Polar pattern frequencies (Hz). The radiation pattern is measured in the azimuthal plane. In the azimuthal plane, the elevation angle is 0°, and the central axis is 0° in azimuth and 0° in elevation. The polar radiation pattern is symmetrical around the central axis. Based on the polar diagram, it is possible to construct a directional diagram of an acoustic element in three-dimensional space.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Custom Microphone.
Array
Geometry — geometry of the antenna array
ULA (default) | URA | UCA | Conformal Array
The geometry of the antenna array, defined as:
-
'ULA' is a uniform linear antenna array.
-
URA is a uniform rectangular antenna array.
-
'UCA' is a uniform circular antenna array.
-
`Conformal Array' — arbitrary arrangement of elements.
Number of elements — number of pass antenna array elements:q[<br>] 2 for ULA antenna array and 5 for UCA (default) | an integer greater than or equal to 2
The number of antenna array elements for ULA or UCA, set as an integer greater than or equal to 2.
When setting the Specify sensor array as parameter to Replicated subarray, this parameter is applied to each sublattice.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Geometry parameter to ULA or `UCA'.
Array size — URA pass antenna array dimensions:q[<br>] [2,2] (default) | positive integer | vector of positive integers 1 by 2
The dimensions of the URA antenna array, specified as a positive integer or a vector of positive integers 1 by 2.
-
If the size of the antenna array is a 1 by 2 vector, then the vector has the form [NumberOfArrayRows, NumberOfArrayColumns].
-
If the size of the antenna array is an integer, then the array has the same number of rows and columns.
When the Specify sensor array as parameter is set to Replicated subarray, this parameter is applied to each antenna array.
For URA, the antenna array elements are indexed from top to bottom in the leftmost column, and then move to the next columns from left to right. The figure shows an antenna array for which the Array size parameter has the value [3,2], that is, it has three rows and two columns.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Geometry parameter to `URA'.
Element spacing (m) — the distance between the elements of the antenna array
0.5 for ULA arrays and [0.5,0.5] for URA arrays (default) | positive scalar for ULA or URA lattices | two-element vector of positive values for URA lattices
The distance between adjacent grid elements:
-
'ULA` — indicate the distance between two adjacent antenna array elements in the form of a positive scalar.
-
URA' — the distance is set as a positive scalar or a vector of positive values 1 by 2. If Element spacing (m) is a scalar, then the distances between rows and columns are equal. If Element spacing(m) is a vector, then the vector has the form `[SpacingBetweenArrayRows,SpacingBetweenArrayColumns].
When the Specify sensor array as parameter is set to Replicated subarray, this parameter is applied to each antenna array.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Geometry parameter to ULA or `URA'.
Array axis — direction of the ULA pass linear axis:q[<br>] y (default) | x | z
The direction of the ULA linear axis, set as y, x or z. All elements of the ULA antenna array are evenly distributed along this axis in the local grid coordinate system.
Dependencies
-
To use this parameter, set the Geometry parameter to
ULA. -
This parameter is also used if the unit supports only ULA arrays.
Element lattice — grid of positions of URA pass elements:q[<br>] Rectangular (default) | Triangular
A grid of URA element positions, set as rectangular or triangular.
-
'Rectangular' — aligns all elements in rows and columns.
-
Triangular— shifts the elements of an even row of a rectangular grid towards the positive direction of the row axis. The offset is half the distance between the elements according to the size of the row.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Geometry parameter to `URA'.
Array normal — normal direction of the antenna array
x for URA arrays or z for UCA arrays (default) | y
The direction of the antenna array normal, set as x, y, or z.
The elements of the flat arrays lie in a plane orthogonal to the selected direction of the antenna array normal. The directions of the angular coordinates of the elements are directed along the direction of the antenna array normal.
-
The 'x` elements of the antenna array lie in the yz plane. The angular coordinate vectors of all elements are directed along the x-axis.
-
The 'y` elements of the antenna array lie in the zx plane. The angular coordinate vectors of all elements are directed along the y axis.
-
The 'z` elements of the antenna array lie in the xy plane. The angular coordinate vectors of all elements are directed along the z axis.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Geometry parameter to URA or `UCA'.
Radius of UCA (m) — the radius of the UCA pass antenna array:q[<br>] 0.5 (default) | positive scalar
The radius of the UCA antenna array, a positive scalar.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Geometry parameter to UCA.
Element positions (m) — positions of the elements of the conformal antenna array
[0;0;0] ( by default) | a 3-by-N real matrix
The positions of the elements of the conformal antenna array, given as a matrix of real values 3 by N, where N is the number of elements in the conformal array. Each column of this matrix represents the position [x;y;z] of an element of the antenna array in the local coordinate system of the antenna array. The origin of the local coordinate system is (0,0,0). The units of measurement are meters.
When setting the Specify sensor array as parameter to Replicated subarray, this parameter is applied to each sublattice.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Geometry parameter to `Conformal Array'.
Element normals (deg) — direction of the normal vectors of the elements of the conformal antenna array
[0;0] | ` column vector 2 by 1 | matrix 2 by N
The direction of the normal vectors of the elements of the conformal antenna array, defined as a column vector 2 by 1 or matrix 2 by N. N means the number of elements in the antenna array. For the matrix, each column specifies the direction of the normal of the corresponding element in the form of [azimuth;elevation] relative to the local coordinate system. In the local coordinate system, the positive axis x coincides with the direction of the normal to the conformal antenna array. If the parameter value is a column vector 2 by 1, then the same pointing direction is used for all elements of the antenna array.
When setting the Specify sensor array as parameter to Replicated subarray, this parameter is applied to each antenna sublattice.
Parameters of Element positions (m) and Element normals (deg) can be used to represent any arrangement in which pairs of elements differ from each other by certain transformations. These transformations can include translation, azimuth rotation, and elevation rotation. However, transformations that require rotation relative to the normal direction cannot be used.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Geometry parameter to `Conformal Array'.
Taper — changing the radiation pattern of the elements of the antenna array
1 (default) | complex scalar | complex vector
The change in the radiation pattern of the antenna array elements is set as a complex scalar or a complex vector 1 by , where — the number of antenna array elements.
The coefficients that change the radiation pattern, also called element weights, multiply the responses of the antenna array elements. The coefficients change both the amplitude and the phase of the response to reduce the side lobes or the direction of the main axis of the response.
If the value of the Taper parameter is a scalar, then the same weight is applied to each element. If Taper is a vector, then a weight from the vector is applied to the corresponding element of the antenna array. The number of scales must correspond to the number of antenna array elements.
When the Specify sensor array as parameter is set to Replicated subarray, this parameter is applied to each antenna sublattice.
Motion
Source of transmit array motion — specify the source of the motion parameters of the transmitting antenna array
Property (default) | Input port
Source of motion parameters of the transmitting antenna array, options for selection:
-
Property— the location and orientation of the antenna array are set using the parameters Position of the transmit array (m) and Orientation of the transmit array. The antenna array is stationary. -
`Input port' — the location, speed, and orientation of the antenna array are set using the input ports TxPos, TxVel, and TxAxes.
Position of the transmit array (m) — position of the transmitting antenna array
[0, 0, 0] ( by default) | real vector column 3 by 1
The position of the transmitting antenna array is set as a 3-by-1 real column vector, having the form . The vector elements correspond to the positions of the antenna array along the axes , and . The units of measurement are m.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Source of transmit array motion parameter to Property.
Data types: Float16, Float32, Float64, Int8, Int16, Int32, Int64, UInt8, UInt16, UInt32, UInt64
Orientation of the transmit array — orientation of the axes of the transmitting antenna array
[1 0 0; 0 1 0; 0 0 1] ( by default)| real 3-by-3 orthonormal matrix
The orientation of the axes of the transmitting antenna array is set as a real 3-by-3 orthonormal matrix. The matrix determines the orientation of the local coordinate system of the array relative to the global coordinates. The columns of the matrix correspond to the directions of the axes , and the local coordinate system. The units of measurement are dimensionless.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Source of transmit array motion parameter to Property.
Data types: Float16, Float32, Float64, Int8, Int16, Int32, Int64, UInt8, UInt16, UInt32, UInt64
Source of receive array motion — specify the source of the motion parameters of the receiving antenna array
Property (default) | Input port
Source of motion parameters of the receiving antenna array, options for selection:
-
Property— the location and orientation of the antenna array are set using the parameters Position of the receive array (m) and Orientation of the receive array. The antenna array is stationary. -
`Input port' — the location, speed, and orientation of the antenna array are set using the input ports RxPos, RxVel, and RxAxes.
Position of the receiving array (m) — position of the receiving antenna array
[299792458/1e5, 0, 0] (default) | real vector column 3 by 1
The position of the receiving antenna array is set as a 3-by-1 real column vector, having the form . The vector elements correspond to the positions of the antenna array along the axes , and . The units of measurement are m.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Source of receive array motion parameter to Property.
Data types: Float16, Float32, Float64, Int8, Int16, Int32, Int64, UInt8, UInt16, UInt32, UInt64
Orientation of the receiving array — orientation of the axes of the receiving antenna array
[-1 0 0; 0 -1 0; 0 0 1] ( by default)| real 3-by-3 orthonormal matrix
The orientation of the axes of the receiving antenna array is set as a real 3-by-3 orthonormal matrix. The matrix determines the orientation of the local coordinate system of the array relative to the global coordinates. The columns of the matrix correspond to the directions of the axes , and the local coordinate system. The units of measurement are dimensionless.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Source of receive array motion parameter to Property.
Data types: Float16, Float32, Float64, Int8, Int16, Int32, Int64, UInt8, UInt16, UInt32, UInt64
Scatterer specification — specify the source of the parameters of the pass diffuser:q[<br>] Auto (default) | Property | Input port
The source of the diffuser parameters, options for selection:
-
Auto— all positions and scattering coefficients are randomly generated. The speeds of the diffusers are zero. The generated positions are located within the area specified by the Boundary of scatter positions parameter. The number of scatterers is set using the Number of scatterers parameter. -
Property— the positions of the scatterers are set using the parameter Positions of scatterers (m). The scattering coefficients are set using the parameter Scattering coefficients. The speeds of the diffusers are zero. -
`Input port' — the positions, speeds, and scattering coefficients for the diffusers are set using the input ports of the ScatPos, ScatVel, and ScatCoef blocks.
Number of scatterers — number of pass scatterers:q[<br>] 1 (default) | non-negative integer scalar
The number of diffusers, set as a non-negative integer.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Scatterer specification parameter to Auto.
Data types: Float16, Float32, Float64, Int8, Int16, Int32, Int64, UInt8, UInt16, UInt32, UInt64
Boundary of scatter positions — the boundaries of the position of the pass scatterers:q[<br>] [0 1000] (default) | real vector 1 by 2 | real matrix 3 by 2
The position of the borders of the diffusers, set as a real vector-a 1-by-2 row or a 3-by-2 real matrix. If the borders are set as a 1-by-2 vector, then it contains the minimum and maximum values for all three dimensions [minbdry maxbdry]. If the boundaries are set as a 3 by 2 matrix, then it contains the minimum and maximum values for all three dimensions in the form of [x_minbdry x_maxbdry;y_minbdry y_maxbdry; z_minbdry z_maxbdry].
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Scatterer specification parameter to Auto.
Data types: Float16, Float32, Float64, Int8, Int16, Int32, Int64, UInt8, UInt16, UInt32, UInt64
Positions of scatterers (m) — positions of the pass scatterers:q[<br>] [299792458*5e-6, 0, 0] (default) | real matrix 3 by Ns
The positions of the diffusers are given in the form of a real matrix 3 on . Each column of the matrix has the form , containing the positions of the lens along the axes , and . The units of measurement are m.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Scatterer specification parameter to Property.
Data types: Float16, Float32, Float64, Int8, Int16, Int32, Int64, UInt8, UInt16, UInt32, UInt64
Scattering coefficients — scattering coefficients of
1 (default) | complex vector-row 1 on Ns
The scattering coefficients are given as a complex vector-row 1 on . Each element of the vector sets the scattering coefficient of the corresponding diffuser. The units of measurement are dimensionless.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Scatterer specification parameter to Property.
Data types: Float16, Float32, Float64, Int8, Int16, Int32, Int64, UInt8, UInt16, UInt32, UInt64
Support for complex numbers: Yes