Band-Limited Operational Amplifier

An operational amplifier model with bandwidth limitation.

blockType: AcausalElectricPowerSystems.IntegratedCircuits.BandLimitedOperationalAmplifier

Path in the library:

/Physical Modeling/Electrical/Integrated Circuits/Band-Limited Operational Amplifier

Description

Block Band-Limited Operational Amplifier simulates an operational amplifier with bandwidth limitation. If the voltages on the positive and negative ports are equal and accordingly, the output voltage is:

Where

— gain factor;
— Output resistance;
— Output current;
— Laplace operator;
— bandwidth of 3 dB.

The input current is:

Where — input resistance.

Ports

Conserving

# + — non-inverting input
electricity

Details

A non-directional port connected to the non-inverting input of the operational amplifier.

Program usage name

p

# – — inverting input
electricity

Details

A non-directional port connected to the inverting input of the operational amplifier.

Program usage name

n

# OUT — Output voltage
electricity

Details

A non-directional port connected to the output voltage of the operational amplifier.

Program usage name

output_pin

Parameters

# Gain, A — the gain in the open state

Details

The gain of the operational amplifier in the open state.

Default value	`1000.0`
Program usage name	`gain`
Evaluatable	Yes

# Input resistance, Rin — input resistance
Ohm | mOhm | kOhm | MOhm | GOhm

Details

The resistance at the input of the operational amplifier, which the unit uses to calculate the input current.

Units	`Ohm` \| `mOhm` \| `kOhm` \| `MOhm` \| `GOhm`
Default value	`1e6 Ohm`
Program usage name	`R_input`
Evaluatable	Yes

# Output resistance, Rout — output resistance
Ohm | mOhm | kOhm | MOhm | GOhm

Details

The resistance at the output of the operational amplifier, which the unit uses to calculate the output voltage drop in accordance with the value of the output current.

Units	`Ohm` \| `mOhm` \| `kOhm` \| `MOhm` \| `GOhm`
Default value	`100.0 Ohm`
Program usage name	`R_output`
Evaluatable	Yes

# Minimum output, Vmin — minimum output voltage
V | uV | mV | kV | MV

Details

The lower limit of the operational amplifier’s no-load output voltage.

Units	`V` \| `uV` \| `mV` \| `kV` \| `MV`
Default value	`-15.0 V`
Program usage name	`V_min`
Evaluatable	Yes

# Maximum output, Vmax — Maximum output voltage
V | uV | mV | kV | MV

Details

The upper limit of the operational amplifier’s no-load output voltage.

Units	`V` \| `uV` \| `mV` \| `kV` \| `MV`
Default value	`15.0 V`
Program usage name	`V_max`
Evaluatable	Yes

# Maximum slew rate, Vdot — maximum output voltage rise rate
V/s | V/us

Details

The maximum positive or negative rate of change of the output voltage amplitude.

Units	`V/s` \| `V/us`
Default value	`1000.0 V/s`
Program usage name	`max_slew_rate`
Evaluatable	Yes

# Bandwidth, f — open-loop bandwidth
Hz | kHz | MHz | GHz

Details

Open-loop bandwidth, that is, the frequency at which the gain drops by 3 dB compared to the low-frequency gain. .

Units	`Hz` \| `kHz` \| `MHz` \| `GHz`
Default value	`1e5 Hz`
Program usage name	`f_cutoff`
Evaluatable	Yes

# Initial output voltage, V0 — Initial output voltage
V | uV | mV | kV | MV

Details

The output voltage is at the beginning of the simulation when the output current is zero.

Note

This parameter does not take into account the voltage drop across the output resistor.

Units	`V` \| `uV` \| `mV` \| `kV` \| `MV`
Default value	`0.0 V`
Program usage name	`v_internal_start`
Evaluatable	Yes

Examples

Noise-based operational amplifier simulation