Engee documentation

Introduction

This section provides information about the RITM semi-natural modelling suite (RITM) and the RITM support in Engee.

RITM semi-natural modelling suite

The RITM Semi-Natural Modelling Suite is an integrated, tested hardware solution. The RITM is customised to the customer’s specific requirements and supplied with the necessary I/O modules.

RITM" CPM functioning is ensured by the real-time operating system RITM.Real time.

RITM.Real Time OSRV

The RITM.Real Time operating system is designed to run user applications in real time with connection to external equipment via I/O interface modules.

RITM.Real Time allows to run deterministic simulations with guaranteed response time of a real-time application. For this purpose, the operating system is equipped with a real-time kernel that provides such guarantees.

Control drivers for the I/O interface modules and low-level libraries for working with these I/O modules are also part of the operating system. This makes it possible to connect complexes under RITM.Real Time control to external equipment such as actuators, measuring devices (sensors).

Support for a variety of I/O interface modules through provided drivers integrated with the real-time kernel, as well as a low-level library of functions for working with I/O modules allows developers of real-time applications to save time and focus on algorithmic aspects of system implementation.

Technical capabilities of RITM.Real-time OSDS

  • Run and work on RITM semi-natural modelling hardware complexes.

  • Toolkit for building custom real-time applications.

  • Running real-time applications with deterministic algorithm computation invocation and response time guarantees.

  • Drivers and low-level libraries for controlling I/O interface modules.

  • Control, start, stop, and monitor the execution of a real-time application.

  • Support for common I/O interfaces and protocols:

    • Analogue-to-digital converters.

    • Digital-to-analogue converters.

    • Digital inputs and outputs.

    • MIL-STD-1553.

    • ARINC 429.

    • CAN.

    • Digital interfaces: UART, I2C, SPI, PWM, QAD, QAE.

    • Quadrature encoders and decoders.

    • Many others.

Technical information

  • Base operating system: GNU/Linux (Arch Linux) with Linux RT-PREEMPT kernel.

  • Build toolkit: GNU GCC

  • Minimum guaranteed calculation step: from 10 to 100 µs (depending on the hardware configuration of the RITM semi-natural modelling complex)

General information

Real-time operating system RITM.Real-time allows to create modern, high-performance complexes of semi-natural modelling, benches, simulators and test embedded algorithms in rapid prototyping mode with connection to real equipment via I/O interface modules.

Real-time testing is a study of the system (or its components) functioning in real working conditions - at a given sampling rate, with the effects arising when working with real equipment and interfaces, taking into account synchronisation of different tasks being performed. Real-time testing is used in technologies for rapid prototyping of a control algorithm (or Rapid Prototyping), semi-natural modelling of a control object (also known as HIL, or Hardware-in-the-Loop), and in applications to data acquisition and signal processing.

  • Rapid Prototyping* is making changes to the behaviour of a control algorithm and investigating the operation of the algorithm with usage of real hardware. Rapid prototyping means that the control algorithm under development is loaded onto a real-time system and connected to a real control object via I/O modules.

Rapid prototyping allows testing of control algorithms with connection to real hardware and control object "in hardware", working out details that may not be available during simulation on conventional user operating systems. The user does not need to have low-level programming skills.

Rapid prototyping allows early exploration of the system’s operation through usage of real equipment and a real control object. Such testing increases confidence that the final system will work correctly in the final implementation and allows for verification of the system closest to real-world conditions.

Semi-natural modelling is the real-time simulation of a control object on a separate computer (or computers) running a real-time operating system. Semi-natural modelling allows running the model of the control object in real time with connection to real actuators, sensors and control unit. This allows you to get a full-fledged simulation of the control object.

Semi-natural modelling can be applied in a wide range of tasks. Including the creation of simulators of various operating conditions, simulators for training personnel - for example, pilots or technologists and the creation of semi-natural test benches for debugging the control system. This allows for systematic, full system testing.

Rapid prototyping and semi-natural modelling significantly shortens system development and testing cycles and increases the reliability of the system under development.

The RITM semi-natural modelling complex and the RITM.Real Time operating system are specially designed to work together seamlessly. RITM hardware and RITM.Real Time software together allow developers of complex modern systems to solve the most ambitious design tasks.