Engee documentation

PID-controller AVR

APV-M excitation regulator.

pid controller avr

Description

The PID-controller AVR unit is an excitation controller that realises the proportional-integral-differential law of generator voltage control according to the following parameters:

  • Voltage deviation from setpoint;

  • Rate of voltage change;

  • Deviation of voltage frequency from the nominal voltage;

  • Rate of change of voltage frequency;

  • Rate of change of excitation current.

The PID-controller AVR unit can be used as an excitation controller in a synchronous generator model with the control system shown in the diagram.

p controller avr 2

The mathematical model of PID-controller AVR is shown in the diagram.

pid controller avr 1

In the diagram below

  • Г - generator stator voltage;

  • уст - setpoint voltage;

  • Г - generator stator reactive current;

  • комп - transformer reactance compensation fraction;

  • - generator voltage frequency deviation;

  • - rotor current;

  • - gain coefficients in voltage regulation and stabilisation channels.

Ports

Input

# Ireactive — generator reactive current input value
scalar

Details

The input value of the generator reactive current in relative units.

Data types

Float64.

Complex numbers support

No

# Vref — generator voltage setpoint input value
scalar

Details

The input value of the generator voltage setpoint in relative units.

Data types

Float64.

Complex numbers support

No

# Vd — generator voltage input value
scalar

Details

The input value of the oscillator voltage along the d-axis in dq0-coordinates in relative units.

Data types

Float64.

Complex numbers support

No

# Vq — generator voltage input value
scalar

Details

The input value of the oscillator voltage along the q-axis in dq0-coordinates in relative units.

Data types

Float64.

Complex numbers support

No

# Ifd — field current input
scalar

Details

The input value of the field current from the generator in relative units.

Data types

Float64.

Complex numbers support

No

# Δf — input value of deviation of generator voltage frequency from nominal value
scalar

Details

The input value of the deviation of the generator voltage frequency from the nominal voltage frequency in relative units.

Data types

Float64.

Complex numbers support

No

Output

# Vr — output voltage value of the automatic excitation regulator
scalar

Details

The output voltage reference value of the automatic excitation regulator in relative units.

Data types

Float64.

Complex numbers support

No

Parameters

Main

# Voltage error gain K0v — voltage deviation channel gain

Details

Gain factor of the voltage deviation channel.

Default value

50.0

Program usage name

K0_v

Evaluatable

Yes

# Voltage derivative gain K1v — voltage change rate channel gain

Details

Gain factor of the voltage rate channel.

Default value

5.0

Program usage name

K1_v

Evaluatable

Yes

# Field current derivative gain K1Ifd — gain on the excitation current rate channel

Details

Gain factor of the field current speed channel.

Default value

5.0

Program usage name

K1_I_fd

Evaluatable

Yes

# Frequency error gain K0f — gain on the channel of voltage frequency deviation from nominal frequency

Details

Gain coefficient of the voltage frequency deviation channel from the rated frequency.

Default value

2.0

Program usage name

K0_f

Evaluatable

Yes

# Frequency derivative gain K1f — gain on the voltage frequency rate channel

Details

Gain factor of the voltage frequency rate channel.

Default value

5.0

Program usage name

K1_f

Evaluatable

Yes

# Voltage derivative time constant T1, s — lag time constant of the generator voltage change rate channel

Details

Time constant of the generator voltage change rate channel lag time, in seconds.

Default value

0.06

Program usage name

T1

Evaluatable

Yes

# Frequency error time constant T2, s — delay time constant on the channel of voltage frequency deviation from nominal voltage frequency

Details

Delay time constant of the voltage frequency deviation channel, in seconds.

Default value

2.0

Program usage name

T2

Evaluatable

Yes

# Frequency derivative time constant T3, s — lag time constant of the voltage frequency rate channel

Details

Time constant of the voltage rate channel lag time, in seconds.

Default value

0.05

Program usage name

T3

Evaluatable

Yes

# Frequency time constant T4, s — delay time constant on the channel of voltage frequency deviation from nominal voltage frequency

Details

Delay time constant of the voltage frequency deviation channel, in seconds.

Default value

0.02

Program usage name

T4

Evaluatable

Yes

# Field current derivative time constant T5, s — time constant of the lag time of the excitation current rate channel

Details

Delay time constant of the field current speed channel, in seconds.

Default value

0.15

Program usage name

T5

Evaluatable

Yes

# Integrator time constant T6, s — delay time constant of the common ADF channel

Details

Time constant of delay of the common ADF channel, in seconds.

Default value

0.5

Program usage name

T6

Evaluatable

Yes

# Time delay branch magnitude voltage T7, s — time of net delay on the generator voltage change rate channel

Details

Net delay time of the generator voltage change rate channel, in seconds.

Default value

0.02

Program usage name

T7

Evaluatable

Yes

# Time delay branch field current T8, s — time of net delay by channel excitation current rate of change

Details

Net delay time of the field current change rate channel, in seconds.

Default value

0.02

Program usage name

T8

Evaluatable

Yes

# Time delay branch frequency voltage T9, s — time of net delay on voltage frequency rate channel

Details

Net delay time of the voltage rate channel, in seconds.

Default value

0.05

Program usage name

T9

Evaluatable

Yes

# Сompensated transformer resistance Xcompounding, pu — transformer reactance compensated by the controller

Details

Transformer reactance compensated by the regulator, given in relative units.

Default value

0.0

Program usage name

X_compounding

Evaluatable

Yes

# Integrator branch limits [Vmax Vmin], pu — limits of the output value of the integrating branch

Details

Maximum and minimum output value of the integrating branch in relative units.

Default value

[1.2 0.2]

Program usage name

integrator_branch_limits

Evaluatable

Yes

Initial Values

# Initial condition of the regulator voltage, pu — initial value of the voltage regulator

Details

Initial value of the voltage regulator , in relative units.

Default value

1.0

Program usage name

voltage_regulator_start

Evaluatable

Yes

Machine Initial Values

# Initial condition of terminal voltage magnitude, pu — initial voltage value at the generator terminals

Details

The initial value of the generator terminal voltage in relative units. It must be set for starting from steady state.

Default value

1.0

Program usage name

V_mag_start

Evaluatable

Yes

Literature

  1. A.A. Yurganov, V.A. Kozhevnikov. Regulation of Excitation of Synchronous Generators.

  2. V.P. Shoiko. Automatic regulation in electrical systems.

Additional options

C code generation: Yes