Beamspace ESPRIT DOA
Estimation of the direction of arrival (DOA) using the ESPRIT algorithm in the ray space for ULA.
blockType: BeamspaceESPRITDOA
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Description
Block Beamspace ESPRIT DOA evaluates the direction of arrival of a given number of narrowband signals incident on a uniform linear array (ULA) using the ESPRIT algorithm in ray space.
Ports
Parameters
Main
Signal propagation speed — signal propagation speed, m/s
3e8 (default) | positive scalar
The propagation velocity of the signal in the form of a real positive scalar. The default value for the speed of light is `3e8 m/s'.
The units of measurement are m/s.
Operating frequency (Hz) — carrier frequency of the pass sy\$
\$ 3e8 (default) | positive scalar
The carrier frequency of the system, set as a positive scalar. The units of measurement are Hz.
Number of signals — number of pass signals:q[<br>] 1 (default) | positive integer scalar
The number of signals in the form of a positive integer scalar.
Spatial smoothing — spatial smoothing
0 (default) | non-negative scalar
Sets the number of (non-negative integer) averages that provide spatial smoothing for estimating the covariance matrix. Each increase in this parameter adds one additional coherent source, which in turn reduces the effective number of elements by one. The maximum value of this parameter is , where – the number of elements in the ULA.
Type of least squares method — select the type of least squares method
TLS (default) | LS
Specify the least squares method used for ESPRIT:
-
TLS is the least complete squares method.
-
`LS' is the least squares method.
Beam fan center direction (deg) — the direction of the center in the case of a fan directional pattern
0 (default) | real scalar
Sets the direction of the center of the fan-out rays in degrees as a real scalar, the value of which lies in the range from −90° to 90°.
Source of number of beams — number of ray sources
Auto (default) | Property
Sets the number of ray sources:
-
Auto— the number of ray sources will be equal to , where — the number of antenna array elements, and — the value of the Spatial smoothing parameter. -
Property— the number of ray sources is set in the Number of beams parameter.
Number of beams — number of pass beams:q[<br>] 2 (default) | positive integer scalar
The number of rays is given as a positive integer scalar. The fewer the number of rays, the lower the computational cost.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Source of number of beams parameter to Property.
Sensor Array
Specify sensor array as — method for setting antenna array elements
Array (no subarrays) (default)
The method of setting the antenna array element.
Element
Element type — types of antenna array elements
Isotropic Antenna (default) | Cardioid Antenna | Cosine Antenna | Custom Antenna | Gaussian Antenna | Sinc Antenna | Omni Microphone | Custom Microphone
The type of antenna array element.
Available values:
-
Isotropic Antenna -
Cardioid Antenna -
Cosine Antenna -
Custom Antenna -
Gaussian Antenna -
Sinc Antenna -
Omni Microphone -
Custom Microphone
Operating frequency range (Hz) — operating frequency range of the pass antenna array element:q[<br>] [0,1e20] (default) | a real vector is a 1 by 2 row
The range of operating frequencies of the antenna array element in the form of a vector row 1 by 2 in the form of [LowerBound,UpperBound]. The element has no response outside this frequency range. The units of frequency measurement are Hz.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Isotropic Antenna, Cosine Antenna, or 'Omni Microphone'.
Baffle the back of the element — accounting for radiation through the rear beam of the radiation pattern into the rear hemisphere of the Isotropic Antenna element or Omni Microphone'
`disabled (by default) | enabled
`disabled (by default)
Set this flag to exclude radiation to the rear hemisphere. The response from the rear hemisphere at all azimuth angles outside the ±90° range from the wide side is set to zero. The wide-angle direction is defined as the azimuth angle of 0° and the elevation angle of 0°.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Isotropic Antenna or `Omni Microphone'.
Null axis direction — the direction of the axis along the zero radiation
-x (default) | +x | +y | -y | +z | -z
The direction of the axis is along the zero radiation.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Cardioid Antenna.
Exponent of cosine pattern — exponent exponent when defining the shape of a cosine radiation pattern
[1.5, 1.5] (default) | non-negative scalar | a real matrix of non-negative values of 1 by 2
The exponent of the exponent of the cosine model in the form of a non-negative scalar or a 1 by 2 real matrix of non-negative values. If the Exponent of cosine pattern is a 1 by 2 vector, then the first element is the exponent in the direction of the azimuth, and the second is in the direction of the angle of the place. With a scalar value of this parameter, the cosines in the azimuthal and elevation directions are raised to one power.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Cosine Antenna.
Operating frequency vector (Hz) — array of operating frequencies of the antenna array element
[0,1e20] (default) | real vector is a string
An array of operating frequencies of an antenna array element in the form of a row vector 1 on increasing actual values. The element has no response beyond the frequency range specified by the minimum and maximum elements of this vector. The units of frequency measurement are Hz.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Custom Antenna or `Custom Microphone'. To set the responses at these frequencies, use the Frequency responses (dB) parameter.
Frequency responses (dB) — frequency responses of the antenna array element
[0,0] (default)| real vector string
The frequency response of the user elements of the antenna array is determined by the parameter Operating frequency vector (Hz). The dimensions of the Frequency responses (dB) vector must match the dimensions of the vector specified by the Operating frequency vector (Hz) parameter.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Custom Antenna or `Custom Microphone'.
Input Pattern Coordinate System — selection of the coordinate system of the radiation pattern of the user antenna
az-el (default) | phi-theta
The choice of the coordinate system of the radiation pattern of the user antenna is indicated by az-el or phi-theta'. When selecting `az-el, the Azimuth angles (deg) and Elevations angles (deg) parameters are used to set the coordinates of the directional pattern points. When specifying the phi-theta parameter, the Phi angle (deg) and Theta angles (deg) parameters are used to set the coordinates of the part points.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Custom Antenna.
Azimuth angles (deg) — azimuth angles of the antenna radiation pattern
[-180:180] (default) | real vector is a string
The values of the azimuth angles, which will be used to calculate the antenna pattern in the form of a vector row 1 on . it must be more than 2. The azimuth angles should be in the range of −180° up to 180° inclusive and arranged in strictly ascending order.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Custom Antenna and the Input Pattern Coordinate System parameter to az-el.
Elevation angles (deg) — values of the angles of the antenna pattern position
[-90:90] (default) | real vector is a string
The values of the angles of the location at which it is necessary to calculate the radiation pattern in the form of a vector 1 on . it must be more than 2. The units of measurement of angles are degrees. Elevation angles should be in the range of −90° to 90° inclusive and arranged in strictly ascending order.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Custom Antenna and the Input Pattern Coordinate System parameter to az-el.
Phi Angles (deg) — values of the Phi angles of the antenna radiation pattern
[0:360] (default) | real vector is row 1 on P
The angular coordinates of the Phi points where the antenna radiation pattern is set. They are defined as a real vector-row 1 on . it must be more than 2. The units of measurement of angles are degrees. The values of the Phi angles should be in the range from 0° to 360° and arranged in strictly ascending order.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Custom Antenna and the Input Pattern Coordinate System parameter to phi-theta.
Theta Angles (deg) — values of the angles of the Theta radiation pattern of the antenna
[0:180] (default) | real vector-row 1 on Q
The angular coordinates of the Theta points where the antenna radiation pattern is set. They are defined as a real vector-row 1 on . it must be more than 2. The units of measurement of angles are degrees. The values of the Theta angles must range from 0° to 180° and be arranged in strictly ascending order.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Custom Antenna and the Input Pattern Coordinate System parameter to phi-theta.
Magnitude pattern (dB) — the magnitude of the antenna radiation pattern
zeros(181.361) (default) | real matrix Q on P | real array Q on P on L
The value of the antenna pattern, set as a matrix on or an array on on .
-
If the Input Pattern Coordinate System parameter is set to `az-el', then is equal to the length of the vector defined by the Elevation angles (deg) parameter, in turn, — the length of the vector defined by the Azimuth angles (deg) parameter.
-
If the Input Pattern Coordinate System parameter is set to `phi-theta', then is equal to the length of the vector defined by the parameter Theta Angles (deg), in turn, — the length of the vector defined by the Phi Angles (deg) parameter.
Value is equal to the value of the Operating frequency vector (Hz) parameter.
-
If the value of this parameter is a matrix on , then the same scheme is applied for all frequencies specified in the parameter Operating frequency vector (Hz).
-
If the value is an array on on , each element on The array defines a template for the corresponding frequency specified in the parameter Operating frequency vector (Hz).
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Custom Antenna.
Phase pattern (deg) — phase of the radiation pattern of the user antenna
zeros(181,361) (default) | real matrix Q on P | real array Q on P on L
The phase radiation pattern of the combined antenna, defined as a matrix on or an array on on .
-
If the Input Pattern Coordinate System parameter is set to `az-el', then is equal to the length of the vector defined by the Elevation angles (deg) parameter, in turn, — the length of the vector defined by the Azimuth angles (deg) parameter.
-
If the Input Pattern Coordinate System parameter is set to `phi-theta', then is equal to the length of the vector defined by the parameter Theta Angles (deg), in turn, — the length of the vector defined by the Phi Angles (deg) parameter.
Value is equal to the value of the Operating frequency vector (Hz) parameter.
-
If the value of this parameter is a matrix on , then the same scheme is applied for all frequencies specified in the parameter Operating frequency vector (Hz).
-
If the value is an array on on , each element on The array defines a template for the corresponding frequency specified in the parameter Operating frequency vector (Hz).
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Custom Antenna.
Align element normal with array normal — align the normal of the antenna array element relative to the grid normal
enabled (by default) | disabled
If the parameter value is enabled, the radiation pattern of the antenna element is rotated to align with the normal of the array. If it is off, then the drawing of the element does not rotate.
If the antenna is used in an antenna array and the Input Pattern Coordinate System parameter has the value az-el, checking this box rotates the radiation pattern so that the x-axis of the element coordinate system points along the normal of the array. If there is no selection, the element template is used without rotation.
If the antenna is used in an antenna array and the Input Pattern Coordinate System parameter has the value phi-theta, checking this box rotates the radiation pattern so that the z axis of the element coordinate system points along the normal of the array.
Use this parameter together with the Array Normal parameter of the URA and UCA arrays.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Custom Antenna.
Radiation pattern beamwidth (deg) — the beam width of the antenna pattern
[10, 10] (default) | real scalar | a real vector is a 1 by 2 row
The beam width of the antenna pattern in degrees.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Gaussian Antenna.
Polar pattern frequencies (Hz) — frequency values for the polar pattern of the microphone
1e3 (default) | real scalar | real vector-row 1 on L
The frequency values for the polar radiation pattern are set as a real scalar or a real vector-row 1 on . The frequencies are in the frequency range specified by the parameter Operating frequency vector (Hz).
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Custom Microphone.
Polar pattern angles (deg) — angle values for the polar radiation pattern of the microphone
[-180:180] (default) | real vector is row 1 on P
The angle values for the polar radiation pattern of the microphone are set as a vector . The angles are measured from the central axis of the microphone and should be in the range of −180° to 180° inclusive.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Custom Microphone.
Polar pattern (dB) — polar directional pattern of the microphone
zeros(1,361) (default) | real vector-row 1 on L
Set the value of the polar radiation pattern of the user microphone element in the form of a real vector-row 1 on , where — the number of frequencies specified in the parameter Polar pattern frequencies (Hz). The string represents the value of the polar radiation pattern measured at the corresponding frequency specified in the Polar pattern frequencies (Hz). The radiation pattern is measured in the azimuthal plane. In the azimuthal plane, the elevation angle is 0°, and the central axis is 0° in azimuth and 0° in elevation. The polar radiation pattern is symmetrical around the central axis. Based on the polar diagram, it is possible to construct a microphone directional pattern in three-dimensional space.
Dependencies
To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Custom Microphone.
ULA Parameters
Number of elements — number of elements of the antenna array
2 (default) | an integer greater than or equal to 2
The number of elements for the ULA antenna array is set as an integer greater than or equal to two.
Element spacing (m) — the distance between the elements of the antenna array
0.5 (default) | positive scalar
The distance between adjacent elements of the antenna array is set as a positive scalar. The units of measurement are meters.
Array axis — direction of the ULA pass linear axis:q[<br>] y (default) | x | z
The direction of the ULA linear axis, set as y, x or z. All elements of the ULA grid are uniformly distributed along this axis in the local grid coordinate system.
Dependencies
To enable this parameter, set the Geometry parameter to ULA.
This option is also enabled when the block supports only ULA arrays.
Taper — changing the radiation pattern of the elements of the antenna array
1 (default) | complex scalar | complex vector
The change in the radiation pattern of the antenna array elements is set as a complex scalar or a complex vector 1 by , where — the number of antenna array elements.
The coefficients that change the radiation pattern, also called element weights, multiply the responses of the antenna array elements. The coefficients change both the amplitude and the phase of the response to reduce the side lobes or the direction of the main axis of the response.
If the value of the Taper parameter is a scalar, then the same weight is applied to each element. If Taper is a vector, then a weight from the vector is applied to the corresponding element of the antenna array. The number of scales must correspond to the number of antenna array elements.