GCC DOA and TOA

The input signal is a matrix of size by , where is the number of samples of the signal and is the number of antenna array elements.

Data types: Float32, Float64.

Support for complex numbers: Yes

Angles defining the directions of signals arrival, returned as a vector with real values in the form [azimuth, elevation]. If the antenna elements are a linear antenna array (ULA), then Ang is a scalar representing the angle of the transverse direction of radiation. The units of the angle are degrees, defined relative to the local coordinate system of the antenna array.

Data types: Float64.

Arrival time delays output as a real-valued vector-string 1 on , where is the number of pairs of antenna array elements selected from the antenna array.

The unit of time measurement is seconds.

Dependencies

To use this port, set the Enable delay output parameters to `enable'.

Data types: Float64.

The calculated cross-correlation between pairs of antenna array elements, is derived as a complex matrix of size by , where is the number of pairs of antenna array elements selected from the antenna array, and is the number of time samples in the input signal.

Dependencies

To use this port, set the Enable correlation output parameters to `enabled'.

Data types: Float64.

Support for complex numbers: Yes

The lag time values output as a real vector-column by 1, where is the number of time samples in the input signal. Each lag time value refers to the corresponding row of the cross-correlation matrix.

Dependencies

To use this port, set the Enable correlation output parameters to `enable'.

Data types: Float64.

Signal propagation speed as a real positive scalar. By default, the value of the speed of light is used: 299792458 m/s.

The unit of measurement is m/s.

Select the checkbox to inherit sample rate from upstream blocks. Otherwise, set the sample rate using the Sample rate (Hz) parameters.

The sampling frequency of the signal as a positive scalar. The unit of measurement is Hz.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Inherit sample rate parameter to off.

Options for selection:

Pairs of antenna array elements given as matrix 2 at of positive integers.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Source of sensor pairs parameter to Property.

Select this checkbox to output the correlation values calculated using the GCC-PHAT algorithm, as well as the corresponding lag times between pairs of antenna array elements. The correlation values are output through the Rxy port and the lag times are output through the Lags port.

Select this checkbox to output the delay corresponding to the signal arrival angle between pairs of antenna array elements. The delay is output to the Tau port.

Specify an antenna element or antenna array. An antenna array may also contain subarrays or be partitioned.

Available values:

Type of antenna array element.

Available values:

The operating frequency range of the antenna array element as a 1-by-2 string vector element as [LowerBound, UpperBound]. The element has no response outside this frequency range. Frequency measurement units are Hz.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Element type parameters to Isotropic Antenna, Cosine Antenna or Omni Microphone.

Set this flag to exclude radiation to the rear hemisphere. The response from the rear hemisphere at all azimuth angles outside the ±90° interval from the broadside are set to zero. The broadside direction is defined as an azimuth angle of 0° and a place angle of 0°.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Element type parameters to Isotropic Antenna or Omni Microphone.

Axis direction along the null radiation.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Element type parameters to Cardioid Antenna.

The exponent of the degree of the exponent of cosine model as a non-negative scalar or a 1-by-2 real matrix of non-negative values. If the Exponent of cosine pattern is a 1 by 2 vector, the first element is the exponent of the exponent degree in the azimuth direction and the second element is the exponent of the exponent degree in the angle-of-place direction. When this parameters is scalar, the cosines in the azimuth and elevation directions are raised to the same degree.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Cosine Antenna.

The array of operating frequencies of the antenna array element as a string vector 1 on of increasing real values. The element has no response outside the frequency range given by the minimum and maximum elements of this vector. The units of frequency measurement are Hz.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Element type parameters to Custom Antenna or Custom Microphone. To set the response at these frequencies, use the Frequency responses (dB) parameters.

The frequency response of custom antenna array elements is determined by the Operating frequency vector (Hz) parameters. The dimensions of the Frequency responses (dB) vector must match the dimensions of the vector defined by the Operating frequency vector (Hz) parameters.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Element type parameters to Custom Antenna or Custom Microphone.

Selects the user antenna pattern coordinate system, either az-el or phi-theta is specified. When az-el is selected, the Azimuth angles (deg) and Elevations angles (deg) parameters are used to specify the coordinates of the directional pattern points. When the `phi-theta parameter is specified, the Phi angle (deg) and Theta angles (deg) parameters are used to specify the coordinates of the pattern points.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Element type parameters to Custom Antenna.

The azimuth angle values for which the antenna radiation pattern will be calculated as vector-string 1 at . must be greater than 2. The values of the azimuth angles must lie in the range from −180° to 180° inclusive and be in strictly ascending order.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Custom Antenna and the Input Pattern Coordinate System parameter to az-el.

The values of the place angles at which you want to calculate the radiation pattern as vector 1 at . must be greater than 2. The units of measurement of the angles are degrees. The elevation angles must lie in the range from −90° up to and including 90° and be in strictly ascending order.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Custom Antenna and the Input Pattern Coordinate System parameter to az-el.

Angular coordinates Phi of the points at which the antenna radiation pattern is specified. Defined as a real vector-string 1 on . must be greater than 2. The units of measurement of the angles are degrees. The values of the angles Phi must lie in the range from 0° to 360° and be arranged in strictly ascending order.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Custom Antenna and the Input Pattern Coordinate System parameter to phi-theta.

Theta angular coordinates of the points where the antenna radiation pattern is specified. Defined as a real vector-string 1 on . must be greater than 2. The units of measurement of the angles are degrees. Values of the angles Theta must lie in the range from 0° to 180° and be arranged in strictly ascending order.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Custom Antenna and the Input Pattern Coordinate System parameter to phi-theta.

Antenna pattern magnitude given as a matrix by or an array by by .

The value of is equal to the value of the Operating frequency vector (Hz) parameters.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Element type parameters to Custom Antenna.

The phase radiation pattern of the combined antenna, given as a matrix on or an array on on .

The value of is equal to the value of the Operating frequency vector (Hz) parameters.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Element type parameters to Custom Antenna.

If the parameters value is On, the pattern of the antenna element is rotated to align with the normal of the antenna array. If off, the pattern of the element is not rotated.

If the antenna is used in an antenna array and the Input Pattern Coordinate System parameters are set to az-el, selecting this check box rotates the element pattern so that the x-axis of the element coordinate system points along the normal of the antenna array. If no selection is made, the element pattern without rotation is used.

If the antenna is used in an antenna array and the Input Pattern Coordinate System parameters is set to phi-theta, selecting this check box rotates the pattern so that the z-axis of the element coordinate system points along the normal of the antenna array.

Use this parameter in conjunction with the Array Normal parameters of the URA and UCA antenna array.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Element type parameters to Custom Antenna.

Antenna pattern beamwidth in degrees.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Element type parameters to Gaussian Antenna.

The frequency values for the polar radiation pattern are given as a real scalar or real vector-string 1 on . The frequencies lie within the frequency range specified by the parameter Operating frequency vector (Hz).

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Element type parameters to Custom Microphone.

The angle values for the microphone’s polar pattern are specified as a vector . The angles are measured from the centre axis of the microphone and should range from −180° to 180° inclusive.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Element type parameters to Custom Microphone.

Set the polar pattern magnitude of the user microphone element as a real vector-string 1 by , where is the number of frequencies specified in the Polar pattern frequencies (Hz) parameters. The string represents the polar pattern magnitude measured at the corresponding frequency specified in Polar pattern frequencies (Hz). The directional pattern is measured in the azimuth plane. In the azimuth plane, the angle of place is 0° and the centre axis is 0° in azimuth and 0° in elevation. The polar pattern is symmetrical around the centre axis. Based on the polar diagram, you can construct the microphone’s directional pattern in three-dimensional space.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Element type parameters to Custom Microphone.

The geometry of the antenna array defined as:

The number of antenna array elements for ULA or UCA, specified as an integer greater than or equal to 2.

When the Specify sensor array as parameter is set to Replicated subarray, this parameter is applied to each subarray.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Geometry parameters to ULA or UCA.

URA antenna array dimensions specified as a positive integer or a vector of positive integers 1 by 2.

When the Specify sensor array as parameter is set to Replicated subarray, this parameter is applied to each antenna array.

For URA, the antenna array elements are indexed from top to bottom of the leftmost column and then proceed to the next columns from left to right. The figure shows an antenna array for which the Array size parameter is set to [3,2], that is, it has three rows and two columns.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Geometry parameter to URA.

Distance between neighbouring lattice elements:

When the Specify sensor array as parameter is set to Replicated subarray, this parameter is applied to each antenna array.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Geometry parameters to ULA or URA.

ULA linear axis direction specified as y, x or z. All elements of the ULA antenna array are uniformly distributed along this axis in the local array coordinate system.

Dependencies

Lattice of URA element positions specified as rectangular or triangular.

Dependencies

Antenna array normal direction specified as x, y or z.

The elements of planar gratings lie in a plane orthogonal to the selected direction of the antenna array normal. The directions of the angular coordinates of the elements are directed along the normal direction of the antenna array.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Geometry parameter to URA or UCA.

Radius of UCA antenna array, positive scalar.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Geometry parameter to UCA.

The positions of the elements of a conformal antenna array, given as a 3-by-N matrix of real values, where N is the number of elements in the conformal array. Each column of this matrix represents the position [x;y;z] of the antenna array element in the local coordinate system of the antenna array. The origin of the local coordinate system is (0,0,0). The units of measurement are metres.

When the Specify sensor array as parameter is set to Replicated subarray, this parameter is applied to each subarray.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Geometry parameter to Conformal Array.

The direction of the vectors of normals of the elements of a conformal antenna array, given as a 2-by-1 column vector or a 2-by-N matrix. N denotes the number of elements in the antenna array. For a matrix, each column specifies the direction of the normal of the corresponding element as [azimuth;elevation] with respect to the local coordinate system. In the local coordinate system, the positive x-axis coincides with the normal direction of the conformal antenna array. If the parameter value is a 2-by-1 column vector, the same pointing direction is used for all elements of the antenna array.

When the Specify sensor array as parameter is set to Replicated subarray, this parameter is applied to each antenna subarray.

The Element positions (m) and Element normals (deg) parameters can be used to represent any arrangement in which pairs of elements differ from each other by certain transformations. These transformations may include translation, azimuth rotation, and elevation rotation. However, you cannot use transformations that require rotation with respect to the direction of the normal.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Geometry parameters to Conformal Array.

The change of the directivity diagram of the antenna array elements is specified as a complex scalar or complex vector 1 at , where is the number of antenna array elements.

The coefficients that change the directivity pattern, also called element weights, multiply the responses of the antenna array elements. The coefficients change both the amplitude and phase of the response to reduce side lobes or the direction of the main response axis.

If the value of the Taper parameters is a scalar, the same weight is applied to each element. If Taper is a vector, then the weight from the vector is applied to the corresponding antenna array element. The number of weights must correspond to the number of antenna array elements.

When the Specify sensor array as parameter is set to Replicated subarray, this parameter is applied to each antenna subarray.

Set the antenna sublattice selection as a matrix to , where is the number of sublattices and is the total number of elements in the antenna array. Each row of the matrix represents an antenna sublattice, and each entry in the row indicates whether the element belongs to that sublattice. If the entry is zero, the element does not belong to the sublattice. A non-zero entry represents the complex weight applied to the corresponding element. Each row must contain at least one non-zero entry.

The phase centre of each antenna sublattice is at the geometric centre of the sublattice. The geometric centre of the sublattice depends on the sublattice definition matrix and Geometry parameters.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Specify sensor array as parameters to Partitioned Array.

Sublattice steering method specified as:

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Specify sensor array as parameters to Partitioned Array or Replicated subarray.

The operating frequency of the antenna sublattice phase shift, specified as a positive real scalar. The unit of measurement is Hz.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Sensor array parameters to Partitioned array or Replicated subarray and set the Subarray steering method parameters to Phase.

The antenna sublattice phase shift quantisation bits, specified as a non-negative integer. A value equal to zero means that quantisation is not performed.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Sensor array parameter to Partitioned array or Replicated subarray and set the Subarray steering method parameter to Phase.

Specify the layout of replicated antenna sublattices.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Sensor array parameters to Replicated subarray.

Rectangular antenna sub-grid grid size specified as a single positive integer or a vector-string of positive integers 1 by 2.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Sensor array parameter to Replicated subarray and the Subarrays layout parameter to Rectangular.

The distance between antenna sublattices in a rectangular grid, specified as a positive real scalar or a 1-by-2 vector or Auto. The units of measurement are metres.

If Grid spacing is a scalar, the distance between rows and columns is the same.

If Grid spacing is a 1 by 2 row vector, the vector is of the form [SpacingBetweenRows, SpacingBetweenColumn], the first variable specifies the row spacing along the column. The second variable is the spacing between columns along the row.

If the Grid spacing parameters are set to Auto, replication preserves the spacing between subgrid elements for both rows and columns when building a full antenna array. This option is available only if ULA or URA is selected for the Geometry parameters.

Dependencies

To use this option, set the Sensor array parameters to Replicated subarray and the Subarrays layout parameters to Rectangular.

The positions of the antenna sub-arrays in the user grid, given as a real matrix 3 by , where is the number of sub-arrays in the antenna array. Each column of the matrix represents the position of one sublattice in the local coordinate system of the antenna array. Coordinates are expressed as [x; y; z]. The units of measurement are metres.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Sensor array parameter to Replicated subarray and the Subarrays layout parameter to Custom.

The direction of the antenna array sublattice normals. The value of this parameters is a matrix of size 2 by , where is the number of sublattices in the antenna array. Each column of the matrix specifies the direction of the normal of the corresponding sublattice in the form [azimuth;elevation]. The units of angles are degrees. The angles are defined relative to the local coordinate system.

The Subarray positions and Subarray normals parameters can be used to represent any arrangement in which pairs of antenna sublattices are distinguished by certain transformations. These transformations may include translation, azimuth rotation, and elevation rotation. However, transformations that require rotation with respect to the normal cannot be used.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Sensor array parameter to Replicated subarray and the Subarrays layout parameter to Custom.