Monopulse Estimator

The propagation velocity of a signal as a real positive scalar.

By default, the speed of light is used.

The unit of measurement is m/c.

The operating frequency of the system, given as a positive scalar.

The unit of measurement is Hz.

The coverage directions of the monopulse illuminator, set as 3D or Azimuth. If this parameter is set to 3D, the monopulse illuminator generates a sum channel and difference azimuth and elevation channels. If this parameter is set to `Azimuth', the monopulse illuminator generates a sum channel and an azimuth difference channel.

The angle of deviation given as a scalar or real vector 2 by 1. The deviation angle is the angle of separation between the total channel and channels in the azimuth and elevation directions.

The output direction format, set as Angle or Angle offset. If Angle is selected for this parameter, the output port is labelled AzEl or Az and represents the actual direction to the target. If Angle offset' is selected for this parameter, the output port is labelled `dAzEl or dAz and represents the angular offset of the target relative to the direction of rotation of the antenna array.

Select this checkbox to output the sum and difference ratio of the channels in the azimuth and elevation directions. If the Monopulse coverage parameters are set to Azimuth, the unit outputs the sum and difference azimuth ratio via the AzRatio port. If the Monopulse coverage parameters are set to 3D, the unit outputs the ratio of the sum and difference of azimuths and elevations through the AzElRatio port.

A method for specifying an antenna array.

Available values:

Type of antenna or acoustic element.

Available values:

The operating frequency range of an antenna or acoustic element as a 1 by 2 string vector in the form [LowerBound,UpperBound]. Outside this frequency range, the element has no response.

The unit of frequency measurement is Hz.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Element type parameters to Isotropic Antenna, Cosine Antenna or Omni Microphone.

Frequency response of the user antenna or user acoustic element for frequencies defined by the Operating frequency vector (Hz) parameters. The size of the Frequency responses (dB) vector must match the size of the vector defined by the Operating frequency vector (Hz) parameters.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Element type parameters to Custom Antenna or Custom Microphone.

The user antenna pattern coordinate system is specified by az-el or phi-theta. When az-el is specified, the parameters Azimuth angles (deg) and Elevations angles (deg) are used to specify the coordinates of the directional pattern points. When the phi-theta parameter is specified, the Phi angles (deg) and Theta angles (deg) parameters are used to specify the coordinates of the directional pattern points.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Element type parameters to Custom Antenna.

The azimuth angles from which the antenna radiation pattern will be calculated as a vector-line 1 to P. P must be greater than 2. The azimuth angles must lie in the range from −180° up to and including 180° and be in strictly ascending order.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Custom Antenna and the Input Pattern Coordinate System parameter to az-el.

The elevation angles at which the radiation pattern should be calculated as vector 1 at . must be greater than 2. The units of angles are degrees. Elevation angles must lie in the range from −90° to 90° inclusive and be in strictly ascending order.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Custom Antenna and the Input Pattern Coordinate System parameter to az-el.

Angular coordinates Phi of the points at which the antenna radiation pattern is defined. Defined as a real vector-line 1 at . must be greater than 2. The units of measurement of the angles are degrees. The values of the angles Phi must lie in the range from 0° to 360° and be arranged in strictly ascending order.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Custom Antenna and the Input Pattern Coordinate System parameter to phi-theta.

Theta angular coordinates of the points where the antenna radiation pattern is defined. They are set as a real vector-string 1 at . must be greater than 2. The units of measurement of the angles are degrees. Values of the angles Theta must lie in the range from 0° to 180° and be arranged in strictly ascending order.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Custom Antenna and the Input Pattern Coordinate System parameter to phi-theta.

The magnitude of the radiation pattern of the combined antenna, given as a matrix to or an array to to .

The value of is equal to the value of the Operating frequency vector (Hz) parameters.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Element type parameters to Custom Antenna.

Phase radiation pattern of a compound antenna, specified as a matrix to or an array to to .

The value of is equal to the value of the Operating frequency vector (Hz) parameters.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Element type parameters to Custom Antenna.

If the parameters value is on, the antenna element pattern is rotated to align normal to the antenna array. If off, the element pattern is not rotated.

If the antenna is used in an antenna array and the Input Pattern Coordinate System parameters are set to az-el, selecting this checkbox rotates the pattern so that the x-axis of the element coordinate system points along the normal to the antenna array. If no selection is made, the pattern of the element without rotation is used.

If the antenna is used in an antenna array and the Input Pattern Coordinate System parameters is set to phi-theta, checking this checkbox rotates the pattern so that the z-axis of the element coordinate system points along the normal to the antenna array.

Use this parameter in conjunction with the Array Normal parameters of the URA and UCA antenna arrays.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Element type parameters to Custom Antenna.

The response frequencies of a polar pattern acoustic element, specified as a real scalar or a real string vector 1 at . The response frequencies lie within the frequency range specified by the parameter Operating frequency vector (Hz).

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Element type parameters to Custom Microphone.

Set the polar response angles as vector 1 on . The angles are measured from the centre axis of the acoustic element and should range from −180° up to and including 180°.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Element type parameters to Custom Microphone.

Set the polar pattern value of the custom acoustic element as a real vector string 1 at , where is the number of frequencies specified in the Polar pattern frequencies (Hz) parameters. The string represents the polar pattern magnitude measured at the corresponding frequency specified in Polar pattern frequencies (Hz). The directional pattern is measured in the azimuth plane. In the azimuth plane, the elevation angle is 0° and the centre axis is 0° in azimuth and 0° in elevation. The polar pattern is symmetrical around the centre axis. Based on the polar diagram, it is possible to construct the directivity diagram of an acoustic element in three-dimensional space.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Element type parameters to Custom Microphone.

The operating frequency range of an antenna or acoustic element as a 1 by 2 string vector in the form [LowerBound,UpperBound]. Outside this frequency range, the element has no response.

The unit of frequency measurement is Hz.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Element type parameters to Isotropic Antenna, Cosine Antenna or Omni Microphone.

Angles of the directional pattern solution in degrees.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Element type parameters to Gaussian Antenna or Sinc Antenna.

The direction of the zero emission axis.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Element type parameters to Cardioid Antenna.

Indices of the cosine directional diagram as a non-negative scalar or a real 1 by 2 matrix of non-negative values.

If the Exponent of cosine pattern is a 1 by 2 vector, the first element is the index in the azimuth direction and the second element is the index in the elevation direction. When this parameters is scalar, the cosines in the azimuth and elevation directions are raised to the same degree.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Cosine Antenna.

Select this check box to mute the response of the element.

When muting the response, all azimuth angles greater than ±90° from the broadside are set to zero. The broadside is defined as an azimuth angle of 0° and an elevation angle of 0°.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Element type parameters to Isotropic Antenna or Omni Microphone.

The geometry of the antenna sublattice, defined as:

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Specify sensor array as parameter to Replicated subarray.

The number of ULA or UCA antenna sub-lattice elements specified as an integer greater than or equal to 2.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Geometry parameters to ULA or UCA.

Radius of the UCA antenna sublattice, positive scalar.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Specify sensor array as parameter to Replicated subarray and the Geometry parameter to UCA.

The dimensions of the URA antenna sublattice, specified as a positive integer or a vector of positive integers 1 by 2.

For URA, the elements of the antenna sublattice are indexed from top to bottom by the leftmost column and then proceed to the next columns from left to right. The figure shows an antenna sublattice for which the Array size parameters is [3,2], that is, it has three rows and two columns.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Specify sensor array as parameter to Replicated subarray and the Geometry parameter to URA.

The distance between neighbouring elements of the antenna sublattice as a positive scalar.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Specify sensor array as parameter to Replicated subarray and the Geometry parameter to ULA or URA.

The direction of the linear axis of the ULA, given as y, x or z. All elements of the ULA antenna sublattice are uniformly distributed along this axis in the local grid coordinate system.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Specify sensor array as parameter to Replicated subarray and the Geometry parameter to ULA.

Lattice of URA element positions defined as rectangular or triangular.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Specify sensor array as parameter to Replicated subarray and the Geometry parameter to URA.

The normal direction of the antenna sublattice, specified as x, y or z.

The elements of planar sublattices lie in a plane orthogonal to the selected direction of the antenna sublattice normal. The directions of angular coordinates of the elements are directed along the normal direction of the antenna sublattice.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Specify sensor array as parameter to Replicated subarray and the Geometry parameter to URA or ULA.

The positions of the conformal antenna sublattice elements given as a matrix of real values 3 by N, where N is the number of elements in the conformal sublattice. Each column of this matrix represents the position [x;y;z] of the antenna sublattice element in the local coordinate system of the antenna sublattice. The origin of the local coordinate system is (0,0,0). The units of measurement are metres.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Specify sensor array as parameter to Replicated subarray and the Geometry parameter to Conformal Array.

The direction of the normal vectors of the elements of a conformal antenna sublattice, given as a 2 by 1 column vector or a 2 by matrix, where denotes the number of elements in the antenna sublattice. For a matrix, each column specifies the normal direction of the corresponding element as [azimuth;elevation] with respect to the local coordinate system. In the local coordinate system, the positive axis coincides with the direction of the normal to the conformal antenna sublattice. If the parameter value is a 2-by-1 column vector, the same pointing direction is used for all elements of the antenna sublattice.

The parameters Element positions (m) and Element normals (deg) can be used to represent any arrangement in which pairs of elements differ from each other by certain transformations. These transformations may include translation, azimuth rotation, and elevation rotation. However, you cannot use transformations that require rotation with respect to the direction of the normal.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Specify sensor array as parameter to Replicated subarray and the Geometry parameter to Conformal Array.

The change of the directivity diagram of the antenna sublattice elements is specified as a complex scalar or complex vector 1 at , where is the number of the antenna sublattice elements.

The coefficients that change the directivity pattern, also called element weights, multiply the responses of the antenna sublattice elements. The coefficients change both the amplitude and phase of the response to reduce side lobes or the direction of the main response axis.

If the value of the Taper parameters is a scalar, the same weight is applied to each element. If Taper is a vector, then the weight from the vector is applied to the corresponding element of the antenna sublattice. The number of weights must correspond to the number of antenna array elements.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Specify sensor array as parameter to Replicated subarray.

The geometry of the antenna array, given as:

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Specify sensor array as parameters to Array (no subarrays) or Partitioned array.

The number of antenna array elements for a ULA or UCA, specified as an integer greater than or equal to 2.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Specify sensor array as parameter to Array (no subarrays) and the Geometry parameter to ULA or UCA.

The radius of the UCA antenna array, a positive scalar.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Specify sensor array as parameter to Array (no subarrays) or Partitioned array and the Geometry parameter to UCA.

The dimensions of the URA antenna array, given as a positive integer or a vector of positive integers 1 by 2.

For URA, the elements of the antenna array are indexed from top to bottom by the leftmost column and then proceed to the next columns from left to right. The figure shows an antenna array for which the Array size parameters is [3,2], that is, it has three rows and two columns.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Specify sensor array as parameter to Array (no subarrays) or Partitioned array and the Geometry parameter to URA.

The distance between neighbouring array elements as a positive scalar.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Specify sensor array as parameter to Array (no subarrays) or Partitioned array and the Geometry parameter to ULA or URA.

The direction of the linear axis of the ULA, given as y, x or z. All elements of the ULA antenna array are uniformly distributed along this axis in the local array coordinate system.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Specify sensor array as parameter to Array (no subarrays) or Partitioned array and the Geometry parameter to ULA.

A lattice of URA element positions specified as rectangular or triangular.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Specify sensor array as parameter to Array (no subarrays) or Partitioned array and the Geometry parameter to URA.

The normal direction of the antenna array, specified as x, y or z.

The elements of plane gratings lie in a plane orthogonal to the selected direction of the antenna array normal. The directions of the angular coordinates of the elements are directed along the normal direction of the antenna array.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Specify sensor array as parameter to Array (no subarrays) or Partitioned array and the Geometry parameter to URA or ULA.

Positions of the conformal antenna array elements given as a matrix of real values 3 by , where is the number of elements in the conformal array. Each column of this matrix represents the position [x;y;z] of the antenna array element in the local coordinate system of the antenna array. The origin of the local coordinate system is (0,0,0).

The units of measurement are m.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Specify sensor array as parameter to Array (no subarrays) and the Geometry parameter to Conformal Array.

The direction of the normal vectors of the elements of a conformal antenna array, given as a 2 by 1 column vector or a 2 by matrix, where denotes the number of elements in the antenna array. For a matrix, each column specifies the normal direction of the corresponding element as [azimuth;elevation] with respect to the local coordinate system. In the local coordinate system, the positive axis coincides with the direction of the normal to the conformal antenna array. If the parameter value is a 2-by-1 column vector, the same pointing direction is used for all elements of the antenna array.

The parameters Element positions (m) and Element normals (deg) can be used to represent any arrangement in which pairs of elements differ from each other by certain transformations. These transformations may include translation, azimuth rotation, and elevation rotation. However, you cannot use transformations that require rotation with respect to the direction of the normal.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Specify sensor array as parameter to Array (no subarrays) or Partitioned array and the Geometry parameter to Conformal Array.

The change of the directivity diagram of the antenna array elements is specified as a complex scalar or complex vector 1 at , where is the number of antenna array elements.

The coefficients that change the directivity pattern, also called element weights, multiply the responses of the antenna array elements. The coefficients change both the amplitude and phase of the response to reduce side lobes or the direction of the main response axis.

If the value of the Taper parameters is a scalar, the same weight is applied to each element. If Taper is a vector, then the weight from the vector is applied to the corresponding antenna array element. The number of weights must correspond to the number of antenna array elements.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Specify sensor array as parameters to Array (no subarrays) or Partitioned array.

Set the antenna sublattice selection as a matrix to , where is the number of sublattices and is the total number of elements in the antenna array. Each row of the matrix represents an antenna sublattice, and each entry in the row indicates whether the element belongs to that sublattice. If the entry is zero, the element does not belong to the sublattice. A non-zero entry represents the complex weight applied to the corresponding element. Each row must contain at least one non-zero entry.

The phase centre of each antenna sublattice is at the geometric centre of the sublattice. The geometric centre of the sublattice depends on the parameters Subarray definition matrix and Geometry.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Specify sensor array as parameters to Partitioned array.

Specify the location of the replicated antenna sublattice.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Sensor array parameters to Replicated subarray.

Rectangular antenna sub-grid mesh size, specified as a single positive integer or a vector-string of positive integers 1 by 2.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Sensor array parameter to Replicated subarray and the Subarrays layout parameter to Rectangular.

The distance between antenna sublattices on a rectangular grid, specified as a positive real scalar or vector 1 by 2 or Auto. The unit of measure is metres.

If Grid spacing is a scalar, the distance between rows and columns is the same.

If Grid spacing is a 1 by 2 row vector, the vector is of the form [SpacingBetweenRows, SpacingBetweenColumn], the first variable specifies the row spacing along the column. The second variable is the spacing between columns along the row.

If the Grid spacing parameters are set to Auto, replication preserves the spacing between subgrid elements for both rows and columns when building a full antenna array. This option is available only if ULA or URA is selected for the Geometry parameters.

Dependencies

To use this option, set the Sensor array parameters to Replicated subarray and the Subarrays layout parameters to Rectangular.

The positions of the antenna sub-arrays in the user grid defined as a real matrix 3 by , where is the number of sub-arrays in the antenna array. Each column of the matrix represents the position of one sublattice in the local coordinate system of the antenna array. Coordinates are expressed as [x; y; z]. The units of measurement are metres.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Sensor array parameter to Replicated subarray and the Subarrays layout parameter to Custom.

The direction of the normal of the antenna array sublattice normals. The value of this parameters is a matrix of size 2 by , where is the number of sublattices in the antenna array. Each column of the matrix specifies the direction of the normal of the corresponding sublattice in the form [azimuth;elevation]. The units of angles are degrees. The angles are defined relative to the local coordinate system.

The Subarray positions and Subarray normals parameters can be used to represent any arrangement in which pairs of antenna sublattices are distinguished by certain transformations. These transformations may include translation, azimuth rotation, and elevation rotation. However, transformations that require rotation with respect to the normal cannot be used.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Sensor array parameter to Replicated subarray and the Subarrays layout parameter to Custom.

A sublattice control method defined as:

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Specify sensor array as parameters to Partitioned Array or Replicated subarray.

The operating frequency of the sublattice phase shift, specified as a positive real scalar. The unit of measurement is Hz.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Sensor array parameters to Partitioned array or Replicated subarray and set the Subarray steering method parameters to Phase.

phase shift quantisation bits of the sublattice specified as a non-negative integer. A value equal to zero means that quantisation is not performed.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set the Sensor array parameter to Partitioned array or Replicated subarray and set the Subarray steering method parameter to Phase.