本示例展示了如何将工具包的基本工作流程应用于以下场景: 假设有一个在 4 GHz 频率下工作的各向同性天线。假设天线位于全球坐标系的原点。在点(7000,5000,0)处最初有一个雷达截面为 0.5 平方米的非波动目标。目标以恒定的速度矢量(-15;-10;0)移动。您的天线发射 10 个持续时间为 1 µs 的矩形脉冲,脉冲重复频率 (PRF) 为 5 kHz。脉冲传播到目标,在目标上反射,返回天线,并被天线收集。天线以单稳态模式工作,只有在发射器不工作时才接收信号。
要创建波形,请使用 EngeePhased.RectangularWaveform 系统对象并设置所需的属性值。
EngeePhased.IsotropicAntennaElement 系统对象用于天线建模。我们将天线的辐射频率范围设定为 1-10 GHz。各向同性天线在方位角 -180 至 180 度和位置角 -90 至 90 度范围内均匀地辐射能量。
使用 EngeeRadar.RadarTarget 系统对象为目标建模。目标的非波动
模型有效散射面积等于 0.5 平方米,入射到目标上的电磁波的载波频率为 4 千兆赫。从目标反射的波以光速传播,传播速度=299792458。让我们在定义目标的系统对象时设置所考虑的参数。
使用 EngeePhased.Platform 对象来模拟天线和目标的位置和运动。在这种情况下,天线静止不动,位于全局坐标系的原点。目标最初位于 (7000,5000,0),并以恒定速度矢量 (-15,-10,0) 移动。
使用 rangeangle 函数确定天线与目标之间的距离和角度。
使用 EngeePhased.Transmitter 系统对象来模拟发射机特性。发射机建模的关键参数是峰值发射功率。要确定发射机的峰值发射功率,假定期望检测概率为 0.9,最大允许误报概率为 10^(-6)
.假设在接收器中对 10 个矩形脉冲进行非相干积分。阿尔伯沙函数可用于确定所需的信噪比 (SNR)。
所需的信噪比约为 5 dB。假设您要设置峰值发射功率,以达到 15 千米外目标所需的信噪比。假设发射机增益为 20 dB。使用雷达方程确定所需的峰值发射功率。
所需的峰值发射功率约为 45 千瓦。为确保可靠性,在对发射机建模时请使用 50 千瓦的峰值发射功率。为了保持脉冲信号的相位不变,请将CoherentOnTransmit属性设置为true。由于发射机在单静态模式(发射-接收)下运行,因此将 InUseOutputPort 属性设置为 true,以记录发射机状态。
使用EngeePhased.Radiator系统对象建立波辐射模型。使用EngeePhased.Collector系统对象为窄带接收器建模。使用EngeePhased.WidebandCollector系统对象来收集宽带信号。
在本例中,脉冲满足窄带信号的假设。载波频率为 4 GHz。对于传感器属性值,使用各向同性天线的句柄。在EngeePhased.Collector对象中,将波阵面属性设置为 "平面",以表示入射到天线上的波形是平面的。
要为接收器建模,请使用 EngeePhased.ReceiverPreamp 系统对象。在接收器中,您可以设置噪声系数和参考温度,它们是影响系统内部噪声的关键因素。在本例中,噪声系数为 2 dB,参考温度为 290 开尔文。为了获得可重复的结果,请为随机数发生器设置一个固定值。
使用 EngeePhased.FreeSpace 对象来模拟传播环境。您可以通过设置TwoWayPropagation属性来模拟单向或双向传播。在本例中,要模拟单向传播,请将此属性设置为 false。
在对所有必要的场景组件进行参数化之后,就可以生成脉冲、向目标传播和从目标接收回波。
以下代码准备了主模拟循环。脉冲之间的时间步长用下面的代码设定:
然后,对获得的回波进行非相干积分,计算测距矢量并绘制曲线图。图中红色垂直线代表目标的距离。
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