Boost Converter

Controller-controlled step-up DC-DC voltage regulator.

blockType: AcausalElectricPowerSystems.Converters.Boost

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Description

Block Boost Converter It is a converter that increases the DC voltage under the control of a connected controller and a gate signal generator. Boost converters are also known as boost voltage regulators because they increase the amount of voltage.

Block Boost Converter allows you to simulate a non-synchronous converter with one ideal semiconductor switch or a synchronous converter with two ideal semiconductor switches.

The topology of the converter

You can simulate Boost Converter as a non-synchronous converter with a physical signal gate control port, or with two electrical control ports, or as a synchronous converter with one electrical control port. To select the topology of the converter, set the parameter Modeling option meaning:

Nonsynchronous converter — non-synchronous converter with additional physical or electrical gate control ports.
Synchronous converter — synchronous converter with multiplexed gate signals.

Non-synchronous boost converter models contain an inductor, a power electronic switch, a diode, and an output capacitor. boost converter asynch

The synchronous boost converter model contains an inductor, two electronic power switches and an output capacitor.

boost converter synch

In each case, the capacitor smooths the output voltage.

Protection

You can include integrated protective diodes in the synchronous converter model. Integrated diodes protect a semiconductor device by providing a conductive path for reverse current. An inductive load can create a high reverse voltage surge when a semiconductor device suddenly cuts off the voltage supply to the load.

To enable and configure the internal protective diodes, use the parameters Diode.

This table shows how to set the parameter Model dynamics depending on your goals.

Goals

Value for selection

Built-in protective diode

Do not turn on the protection

None

Absent

Turn on the protection

Give priority to simulation speed.

Diode with no dynamics

Block Diode

The priority of the accuracy of the model is to accurately indicate the charge dynamics in the reverse mode.

Diode with charge dynamics

Dynamic block model Diode

You can also include a snubber circuit for each switching device. Snubber circuits contain a series-connected resistor and capacitor. They protect switching devices from the high voltage that inductive loads create when the device turns off the voltage supply to the load. In addition, snubber circuits prevent excessive current change rates when switching on the switching device.

To enable and configure the snubber circuit for each switching device, use the parameters Snubbers.

Connecting signals to the gate control port

The model of a non-synchronous converter (Nonsychronous converter) with directional control port option (Signal control port):
- Create a directional control signal, for example, from basic mathematical blocks, and connect it to the G port.
The model of a non-synchronous converter (Nonsychronous converter) with the option of an electric control port (Electrical control port):
- Connect a positive DC signal to the G+ port.
- Connect the negative DC voltage signal to the G- port.
Synchronous converter model (Synchronous converter):
- Multiplex the converted gate control signals into a single vector using a two-pulse gate multiplexer (see Two-Pulse Gate Multiplexer).
- Connect the vector signal to the G port.

Ports

Conserving

# 2+ — positive constant voltage 2
scalar

Details

An electrical port connected to the positive terminal 2 of the DC voltage.

Program usage name

p2

# 2– — negative constant voltage 2
scalar

Details

An electrical port connected to the negative terminal 2 of the DC voltage.

Program usage name

n2

# 1+ — positive constant voltage 1
scalar

Details

The electrical port connected to the positive terminal 1 of the DC voltage.

Program usage name

p1

# 1– — negative constant voltage 1
scalar

Details

The electrical port connected to the negative terminal 1 of the DC voltage.

Program usage name

n1

# G — shutter contact
electricity

Details

The electrical port connected to the gate contact of the switch.

Dependencies

To enable this port, set the parameter Modeling option meaning Synchronous converter.

Program usage name

gate_port

# G+ — the positive terminal of the switching device
electricity

Details

The electrical port connected to the positive gate terminal of the switching device.

Dependencies

To enable this port, set the parameter Modeling option meaning Nonsynchronous converter and for the parameter Gate-control port meaning Electrical control port.

Program usage name

gate_p

# G– — the negative terminal of the switching device
electricity

Details

The electrical port connected to the negative gate terminal of the switching device.

Dependencies

To enable this port, set the parameter Modeling option meaning Nonsynchronous converter and for the parameter Gate-control port meaning Electrical control port.

Program usage name

gate_n

Input

# G — shutter contact
scalar

Details

The control signal port connected to the switch gate.

Dependencies

To enable this port, set the parameter Modeling option meaning Gate-control port and for the parameter Gate-control port meaning Signal control port.

Data types	`Float64`
Complex numbers support	No

Parameters

Main

# Modeling option — simulation of a non-synchronous or synchronous converter
Synchronous converter | Nonsynchronous converter

Details

The choice of a non-synchronous or synchronous converter model.

Values	`Synchronous converter` \| `Nonsynchronous converter`
Default value	`Nonsynchronous converter`
Program usage name	`topology`
Evaluatable	No

Switching device

# Gate-control port — defines the control port: scalar or electric
Signal | Electrical

Details

Scalar or electric gate control port of the switch.

Dependencies

To enable this port, set the parameter Modeling option meaning Nonsynchronous converter.

Values	`Signal` \| `Electrical`
Default value	`Signal`
Program usage name	`gate_control_port`
Evaluatable	No

# Switching device — switch type
Ideal Semiconductor Switch

Details

The type of switching device for the converter. The switches are identical for the synchronous model.

Values	`Ideal Semiconductor Switch`
Default value	`Ideal Semiconductor Switch`
Program usage name	`switching_device_type`
Evaluatable	No

# On-state resistance — resistance in the switched-on state
Ohm | mOhm | kOhm | MOhm | GOhm

Details

The resistance between the anode and the cathode when switched on.

Units	`Ohm` \| `mOhm` \| `kOhm` \| `MOhm` \| `GOhm`
Default value	`0.001 Ohm`
Program usage name	`R_on`
Evaluatable	Yes

# Off-state conductance — conductivity in the off state
S | nS | uS | mS | 1/Ohm

Details

The anode-cathode conductivity is switched off. The value must be less than , where — parameter value On-state resistance.

Units	`S` \| `nS` \| `uS` \| `mS` \| `1/Ohm`
Default value	`1e-05 1/Ohm`
Program usage name	`G_off`
Evaluatable	Yes

# Threshold voltage — Threshold voltage
V | uV | mV | kV | MV

Details

The threshold voltage for the gate-cathode circuit. The switch turns on when the gate-cathode circuit voltage exceeds this value.

Units	`V` \| `uV` \| `mV` \| `kV` \| `MV`
Default value	`6.0 V`
Program usage name	`V_threshold`
Evaluatable	Yes

Diode

# Model dynamics — internal protective diode (suppressor)
None | Diode with no dynamics | Diode with charge dynamics

Details

Specify whether the unit includes a protective diode (suppressor).

The following options are possible:

None — do not use a diode.
Diode with no dynamics — select this option to prioritize the simulation speed using the block Diode. This option is used by default for a non-synchronous converter.
Diode with charge dynamics — Select this option to increase the accuracy of the model in terms of charge dynamics in reverse mode using the switching diode block model. Diode.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set for the parameter Modeling option meaning Synchronous converter.

Values	`None` \| `Diode with no dynamics` \| `Diode with charge dynamics`
Default value	`Diode with no dynamics`
Program usage name	`protection_diode_parameterization_synchronous`
Evaluatable	No

# Model dynamics — internal protective diode (suppressor)
Diode with no dynamics | Diode with charge dynamics

Details

The type of diode.

The following options are possible:

Diode with no dynamics — select this option to prioritize the simulation speed using the block Diode. This option is used by default for a non-synchronous converter.
Diode with charge dynamics — Select this option to increase the accuracy of the model in terms of charge dynamics in reverse mode using the switching diode block model. Diode.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set for the parameter Modeling option meaning Nonsynchronous converter.

Values	`Diode with no dynamics` \| `Diode with charge dynamics`
Default value	`Diode with no dynamics`
Program usage name	`protection_diode_parameterization_nonsynchronous`
Evaluatable	No

# Forward voltage — direct current voltage
V | uV | mV | kV | MV

Details

The minimum voltage required by the + and − ports of the unit in order for the gradient of the volt-ampere characteristic of the diode to be equal to , where — the resistance value on the switched switch.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set for the parameter Model dynamics meaning Diode with no dynamics or Diode with charge dynamics.

Units	`V` \| `uV` \| `mV` \| `kV` \| `MV`
Default value	`0.8 V`
Program usage name	`V_f_diode`
Evaluatable	Yes

# On resistance — resistance when switched on directly
Ohm | mOhm | kOhm | MOhm | GOhm

Details

The resistance of the diode in the open state.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set for the parameter Model dynamics meaning Diode with no dynamics or Diode with charge dynamics.

Units	`Ohm` \| `mOhm` \| `kOhm` \| `MOhm` \| `GOhm`
Default value	`0.001 Ohm`
Program usage name	`R_on_diode`
Evaluatable	Yes

# Off conductance — closed state conductivity
S | nS | uS | mS | 1/Ohm

Details

The conductivity of the diode when switched back on.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set for the parameter Model dynamics meaning Diode with no dynamics or Diode with charge dynamics.

Units	`S` \| `nS` \| `uS` \| `mS` \| `1/Ohm`
Default value	`1e-05 1/Ohm`
Program usage name	`G_off_diode`
Evaluatable	Yes

# Junction capacitance — transfer capacity
F | pF | nF | uF | mF

Details

The value of the capacitance characteristic of the transition from the depleted zone, acting as a dielectric and separating the connections of the anode and cathode.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set for the parameter Model dynamics meaning Diode with charge dynamics.

Units	`F` \| `pF` \| `nF` \| `uF` \| `mF`
Default value	`50.0 nF`
Program usage name	`C_diode`
Evaluatable	Yes

# Peak reverse current, iRM — peak reverse current
A | pA | nA | uA | mA | kA | MA

Details

The peak return current measured by the external test circuit. This value must be less than zero.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set for the parameter Model dynamics meaning Diode with charge dynamics.

Units	`A` \| `pA` \| `nA` \| `uA` \| `mA` \| `kA` \| `MA`
Default value	`-235.0 A`
Program usage name	`i_rm_diode`
Evaluatable	Yes

# Initial forward current when measuring iRM — initial forward current during iRM measurement
A | pA | nA | uA | mA | kA | MA

Details

The initial forward current (at the initial moment of the switch-on time) when measuring the peak reverse current. This value must be greater than zero.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set for the parameter Model dynamics meaning Diode with charge dynamics.

Units	`A` \| `pA` \| `nA` \| `uA` \| `mA` \| `kA` \| `MA`
Default value	`300.0 A`
Program usage name	`i_f_diode`
Evaluatable	Yes

# Rate of change of current when measuring iRM — the rate of change of current during iRM measurement
A/s | A/us

Details

The rate of change of the current when measuring the peak reverse current. This value must be less than zero.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set for the parameter Model dynamics meaning Diode with charge dynamics.

Units	`A/s` \| `A/us`
Default value	`-50.0 A/us`
Program usage name	`diode_current_change_rate`
Evaluatable	Yes

# Reverse recovery time parameterization — the method of determining the time of reverse recovery
Specify stretch factor | Specify reverse recovery time directly | Specify reverse recovery charge

Details

Defines the method for setting the reverse recovery time in the block.

When selecting an option Specify stretch factor or Specify reverse recovery charge the value that is used by the block to calculate the reverse recovery time is specified.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set for the parameter Model dynamics meaning Diode with charge dynamics.

Values	`Specify stretch factor` \| `Specify reverse recovery time directly` \| `Specify reverse recovery charge`
Default value	`Specify stretch factor`
Program usage name	`t_rr_diode_parameterization`
Evaluatable	No

# Reverse recovery time stretch factor — the stretching coefficient of the reverse recovery time

Details

The value that the block uses for calculation Reverse recovery time, trr. This value should be higher. 1. Specifying the stretching coefficient is an easier way to parameterize the reverse recovery time than specifying the reverse recovery charge. The higher the value of the stretching coefficient, the longer it takes for the reverse recovery current to dissipate.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set for the parameter Model dynamics meaning Diode with charge dynamics, and for the parameter Reverse recovery time parameterization meaning Specify stretch factor.

Default value	`3.0`
Program usage name	`t_rr_factor_diode`
Evaluatable	Yes

# Reverse recovery time, trr — reverse recovery time
s | ns | us | ms | min | hr | d

Details

The amount of time it takes for a diode to turn off when the voltage across it reverses from forward bias to reverse.

The interval between the moment when the current initially passes through zero (when the diode turns off) and the moment when the current drops to less than 10% of the peak current. Parameter Value Reverse recovery time, trr there must be more than the parameter value. Peak reverse current, iRM, divided by the parameter value Rate of change of current when measuring iRM.

The interval between the moment when the current initially becomes zero (when the diode turns off) and the moment when the current drops to less than 10% of the peak reverse current.

Dependencies

Units	`s` \| `ns` \| `us` \| `ms` \| `min` \| `hr` \| `d`
Default value	`15.0 us`
Program usage name	`t_rr_diode`
Evaluatable	Yes

# Reverse recovery charge, Qrr — reverse recovery charge
C | nC | uC | mC | nA*s | uA*s | mA*s | A*s | mA*hr | A*hr | kA*hr | MA*hr

Details

The value that the block uses for calculation Reverse recovery time, trr. Use this parameter if the reverse recovery charge value is specified in the block parameters as the type of reverse recovery time determination instead of the reverse recovery time value.

The reverse recovery charge is the total charge that continues to dissipate after the diode is turned off. The value must be less than , where:

— the value specified for the parameter Peak reverse current, iRM.
— the value specified for the parameter Rate of change of current when measuring iRM.

Units	`C` \| `nC` \| `uC` \| `mC` \| `nAs` \| `uAs` \| `mAs` \| `As` \| `mAhr` \| `Ahr` \| `kAhr` \| `MAhr`
Default value	`1500.0 uA*s`
Program usage name	`Q_rr_diode`
Evaluatable	Yes

LC parameters

# Inductance — inductance
H | nH | uH | mH

Details

The inductance.

Units	`H` \| `nH` \| `uH` \| `mH`
Default value	`1e-06 H`
Program usage name	`L_f`
Evaluatable	Yes

# Inductance series resistance — series resistance of the inductor
Ohm | mOhm | kOhm | MOhm | GOhm

Details

The series resistance of the inductor.

Units	`Ohm` \| `mOhm` \| `kOhm` \| `MOhm` \| `GOhm`
Default value	`0.0 Ohm`
Program usage name	`R_l`
Evaluatable	Yes

# Capacitance — container
F | pF | nF | uF | mF

Details

Container.

Units	`F` \| `pF` \| `nF` \| `uF` \| `mF`
Default value	`1e-07 F`
Program usage name	`C_f`
Evaluatable	Yes

# Capacitor effective series resistance — capacitor resistance
Ohm | mOhm | kOhm | MOhm | GOhm

Details

The series resistance of the capacitor.

Units	`Ohm` \| `mOhm` \| `kOhm` \| `MOhm` \| `GOhm`
Default value	`1e-06 Ohm`
Program usage name	`R_f`
Evaluatable	Yes

Snubbers

# Snubber — the snubber model
None | RC snubber

Details

A model of a noise-canceling switching device.

Values	`None` \| `RC snubber`
Default value	`None`
Program usage name	`snubber_option`
Evaluatable	No

# Snubber capacitance — snubber capacity
F | pF | nF | uF | mF

Details

Snubber capacity.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set for the parameter Snubber meaning RC snubber.

Units	`F` \| `pF` \| `nF` \| `uF` \| `mF`
Default value	`1e-07 F`
Program usage name	`C_s`
Evaluatable	Yes

# Snubber resistance — snubber resistance
Ohm | mOhm | kOhm | MOhm | GOhm

Details

Snubber resistance.

Dependencies

To use this parameter, set for the parameter Snubber meaning RC snubber.

Units	`Ohm` \| `mOhm` \| `kOhm` \| `MOhm` \| `GOhm`
Default value	`0.1 Ohm`
Program usage name	`R_s`
Evaluatable	Yes