patternAzimuth

The construction of graphs of directional coefficients (CND) and directional patterns in azimuth.

Library

EngeePhased

Syntax

Function call

patternAzimuth(element,FREQ) — plots a two-dimensional azimuthal radiation pattern (in dBi) of an element specified in element, at zero angle of location. The operating frequency is set in FREQ.

patternAzimuth(element,FREQ,EL) — plots a two-dimensional azimuthal radiation pattern (in dBi) of an element specified in element, at the specified location angles EL.

patternAzimuth(element,FREQ,EL,Name=Value) — builds a directional diagram of an element with additional parameters specified by one or more arguments of the type «name-value».

PAT = patternAzimuth(_,out=:data) — returns the radiation pattern of the element in PAT — a matrix whose values correspond to the radiation pattern at the points specified by the arguments Azimuth and EL.

Arguments

Input arguments

# element — antenna element

+ system object

Details

The antenna element specified as a system object from the library EngeePhased.

# FREQ is the frequency for calculating the CND and radiation pattern

+ positive scalar

Details

The frequency for calculating the CND and the radiation pattern, set as a positive scalar. The units of measurement are Hz.

For the antenna and microphone element, the value is FREQ must be within the range of values specified in the FrequencyRange or FrequencyVector property of the corresponding element. Otherwise, the element does not give any response, and the CND is returned as −Inf. Most elements use the FrequencyRange property, with the exception of EngeePhased.CustomAntennaElement and EngeePhased.CustomMicrophoneElement, which use the FrequencyVector property.
For the antenna array, the value is FREQ It must be within the frequency range of the elements that make up the grid. Otherwise, the antenna array does not give any response, and the CND returns as −Inf.

Типы данных

Float64

# EL — corners of the place

+ a real vector of length N

Details

The angles of the location for calculating the CND and the radiation pattern, given as a vector from real values, where — this is the number of required directions. The units of measurement of angles are degrees. The angles of the seat should be in the range of −90° up to 90°.

The angle of a place is the angle between the direction vector and the plane. . The angle of the seat is positive if measured in the direction of the axis .

Типы данных

Float64

Input arguments «name-value»

Specify optional argument pairs in the format Name=Value, where Name — the name of the argument, and Value — the appropriate value. Type arguments «name-value» they should be placed after the other arguments, but the order of the pairs does not matter.

# Type — the type of radiation pattern displayed

+ "directivity" (by default) | "efield" | "power" | "powerdb"

Details

The displayed type of radiation pattern, set to one of the following values:

"directivity" — CND, measured in dBi;
"efield" — directional pattern of the sensor or antenna array; for microphones, the directional pattern of the scalar sound field is displayed;
"power" — the radiation pattern of the power of the sensor or antenna array, defined as the square of the radiation pattern;
"powerdb" — power directional pattern, converted to dB.

Типы данных

String

# Azimuth — azimuth angles

+ [−180, 180] | a real vector of length P

Details

Azimuthal angles, set as a vector from real values. Azimuth angles determine where the directional pattern is calculated.

Типы данных

Float64

# out — type of output data

+ :plot (by default) | :data

Details

Type of output data:

:plot — the function returns a graph;
:data — the function returns data.

Output arguments

# PAT — directional coefficients or directional pattern

+ a matrix of P by N real values

Details

Directional coefficients or directional pattern of an element, returned as a matrix of real values with the size on , where is the number of azimuthal angle values determined by the argument Azimuth, and — this is the number of values of the angles of the place, determined by the argument EL.

Examples

Construction of a radiation pattern of a cosine antenna

Details

Let’s set the basic parameters of the antenna elements. Let’s choose a cosine antenna as the element. Let’s construct an azimuthal radiation pattern.

using EngeePhased

fc = 300e6 # частота излучения антенны
c = 3e8 # скорость распространения сигнала
freq_rng = [50e6 1000e6] # частотный диапазон антенны

element = EngeePhased.CosineAntennaElement(FrequencyRange = freq_rng)

patternAzimuth(element,fc)

patternazimuth 1

Additional Info

The coefficient of directional action

Details

The directional coefficient (CND) characterizes how directional the radiation of a sensor element or array of sensor elements is.

A higher CND is desirable when it is necessary to transmit more radiation in a certain direction. KND is the ratio of the intensity of radiation transmitted in a certain direction to the intensity of radiation transmitted by an isotropic radiator with the same total transmitted power.:

where

— the intensity of the transmitter radiation in the direction of ;
— the full power transmitted by the isotropic radiator.

For a receiving element or antenna array, the CND characterizes the sensitivity to radiation coming from a certain direction. The reciprocity principle shows that the CND of an element or antenna array during reception is equal to the directivity coefficient of the same element or antenna array during transmission. In decibels, the CND is denoted as dBi.

Azimuthal angles and location angles

Details

The azimuthal angle of a vector is the angle between the axis and its orthogonal projection onto a plane . The angle is positive when turning away from the axis to the axis . The azimuthal angles range from −180° up to 180° inclusive. The angle of a place is the angle between a vector and its orthogonal projection onto a plane. . The angle is positive if it is directed towards the positive axis. from the plane . The angles of the place range from −90° up to 90° inclusive.

pattern